32. DISORDERS OF NUTRITION, INCLUDING OBESITY Hyperlipoproteinemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Hypolipidemia

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Which of the following can cause hyperlipidemia?

Exercise

Vitamin deficiency

Obesity (correct)

Smoking

What can hyperlipidemia cause?

Kidney failure

Lung disease

Joint pain

Coronary events (correct)

What can decrease the rate of myocardial reinfarction in high-risk patients?

Treating individuals with statins (correct)

Increasing alcohol consumption

Smoking cessation

Increasing caffeine intake

What are some secondary prevention efforts for high-risk patients?

Stopping smoking Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs used to treat hypertriglyceridemia can cause myopathy?

Fenofibrate and gemfibrozil Signup and view all the answers

What does cholestyramine bind to?

Bile acids Signup and view all the answers

What effect does nicotinic acid have?

Peripheral vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action regarding nicotinic acid before a surgical procedure?

Not continue through the morning of the surgical procedure Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a cause of hyperlipidemia?

Exercise Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cholesterol should be decreased to decrease the rate of coronary events?

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs has been shown to prevent morbidity and mortality related to arterial aging and vascular disease?

Statins Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with the use of statins?

Musculoskeletal complaints Signup and view all the answers

Which study showed a reduction in the risk for first acute major coronary events in patients with no risk factors and normal LDL cholesterol levels?

The Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action of statins?

Blocking HMG-CoA reductase Signup and view all the answers

Which guideline recommends statin therapy for patients with an estimated 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease greater than 7.5%?

The American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association clinical practice guideline Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are recommended as a first-line therapy for dyslipidemia, along with the inclusion of non-high density lipoprotein as markers for risk?

Statins Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of statins other than their lipid-lowering effects?

Reversing inflammation in arteries Signup and view all the answers

What are the recommended treatments for hypolipidemic conditions during the perioperative period?

Continuation of caloric intake and intravenous administration of protein hydrolysates and glucose Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects occasionally associated with the use of statins?

Liver dysfunction, CNS dysfunction, and severe depression Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs reduce LDL and increase HDL cholesterol and decrease triglycerides?

Niacin Signup and view all the answers