32. DISORDERS OF NUTRITION, INCLUDING OBESITY Hyperlipoproteinemia, Hyperlipidemia, and Hypolipidemia
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following can cause hyperlipidemia?

  • Exercise
  • Vitamin deficiency
  • Obesity (correct)
  • Smoking

What can hyperlipidemia cause?

  • Kidney failure
  • Lung disease
  • Joint pain
  • Coronary events (correct)

What can decrease the rate of myocardial reinfarction in high-risk patients?

  • Treating individuals with statins (correct)
  • Increasing alcohol consumption
  • Smoking cessation
  • Increasing caffeine intake

What are some secondary prevention efforts for high-risk patients?

<p>Stopping smoking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs used to treat hypertriglyceridemia can cause myopathy?

<p>Fenofibrate and gemfibrozil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does cholestyramine bind to?

<p>Bile acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does nicotinic acid have?

<p>Peripheral vasodilation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action regarding nicotinic acid before a surgical procedure?

<p>Not continue through the morning of the surgical procedure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a cause of hyperlipidemia?

<p>Exercise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cholesterol should be decreased to decrease the rate of coronary events?

<p>Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs has been shown to prevent morbidity and mortality related to arterial aging and vascular disease?

<p>Statins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with the use of statins?

<p>Musculoskeletal complaints (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which study showed a reduction in the risk for first acute major coronary events in patients with no risk factors and normal LDL cholesterol levels?

<p>The Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mechanism of action of statins?

<p>Blocking HMG-CoA reductase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which guideline recommends statin therapy for patients with an estimated 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease greater than 7.5%?

<p>The American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association clinical practice guideline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are recommended as a first-line therapy for dyslipidemia, along with the inclusion of non-high density lipoprotein as markers for risk?

<p>Statins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of statins other than their lipid-lowering effects?

<p>Reversing inflammation in arteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the recommended treatments for hypolipidemic conditions during the perioperative period?

<p>Continuation of caloric intake and intravenous administration of protein hydrolysates and glucose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects occasionally associated with the use of statins?

<p>Liver dysfunction, CNS dysfunction, and severe depression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs reduce LDL and increase HDL cholesterol and decrease triglycerides?

<p>Niacin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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