Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where do the reactions of glycolysis take place?
Where do the reactions of glycolysis take place?
How many molecules of ATP are used in the initial phosphorylation of glucose during glycolysis?
How many molecules of ATP are used in the initial phosphorylation of glucose during glycolysis?
What is the end product of glycolysis?
What is the end product of glycolysis?
What is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
What is the net gain of ATP molecules per molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
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Where do the molecules of pyruvate pass after glycolysis?
Where do the molecules of pyruvate pass after glycolysis?
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What is the primary purpose of the Krebs cycle?
What is the primary purpose of the Krebs cycle?
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What is the role of oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle?
What is the role of oxaloacetate in the Krebs cycle?
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How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced per turn of the Krebs cycle?
How many carbon dioxide molecules are produced per turn of the Krebs cycle?
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Where does the Krebs cycle take place within the cell?
Where does the Krebs cycle take place within the cell?
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What is the relationship between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?
What is the relationship between glycolysis and the Krebs cycle?
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Study Notes
Glycolysis
- Two molecules of ATP are used to phosphorylate one molecule of glucose, making it more reactive.
- Glucose is converted to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, a six-carbon sugar.
- Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is split into two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate (GP), a three-carbon sugar.
- Each molecule of GP is converted into pyruvate, producing two molecules of ATP and one molecule of reduced NAD.
- Two molecules of pyruvate are produced from one molecule of glucose.
- There is a net gain of two ATP molecules per molecule of glucose.
Link Reaction
- One molecule of pyruvate reacts with one molecule of coenzyme A (CoA) to form one molecule of acetyl CoA.
- Hydrogen is lost, and reduced NAD is formed through dehydrogenation.
- One carbon atom is lost, forming carbon dioxide, through decarboxylation.
- Acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetate, a four-carbon molecule, to form a six-carbon compound, citrate.
Krebs Cycle
- The two-carbon group from acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetate to form citrate.
- Citrate is decarboxylated to form a five-carbon compound, producing CO2.
- The five-carbon compound is further decarboxylated to form a four-carbon compound, producing CO2 and one molecule of ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
- The four-carbon compound undergoes transformations to regenerate oxaloacetate, completing the cycle.
- Reduced NAD and FAD are produced in the cycle.
Oxidative Phosphorylation
- The electron transport chain and chemiosmosis together make up oxidative phosphorylation.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondrial inner membrane.
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Description
Learn about the series of reactions that take place in glycolysis, starting from the phosphorylation of glucose to the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate into pyruvate. Explore how ATP is used and understand the process of splitting fructose 1,6-bisphosphate.
