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Glycolysis Pathway Summary

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the conversion of pyruvate to lactate under anaerobic conditions?

To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
To regenerate NAD+ for continued glycolysis (correct)
To provide energy for the electron transport chain
To increase the production of pyruvate for the TCA cycle

What is the role of lactate dehydrogenase in the conversion of pyruvate to lactate?

It is involved in the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle
It is a competitive inhibitor of the reaction
It uses NADH as a cofactor to drive the reaction
It catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate (correct)

How does the conversion of pyruvate to lactate contribute to the continuation of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

It generates ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
It provides energy for the electron transport chain
It increases the production of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
It regenerates NAD+ to be used in the earlier steps of glycolysis (correct)

What is the significance of lactate production in red blood cells (RBCs)?

Lactate production in RBCs is due to the absence of mitochondria, which prevents the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of converting pyruvate to alanine in the muscle?

To export excess nitrogen from the muscle to the liver (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle differ between aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactate, while under aerobic conditions, it enters the TCA cycle (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the regulation of glycolysis?

PEP is a substrate for the pyruvate kinase reaction, which is the final step of glycolysis (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does the regulation of pyruvate kinase affect the overall regulation of glycolysis?

Pyruvate kinase is a key control point in glycolysis, and its regulation can slow down or speed up the process (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of gluconeogenesis in the context of lactate production and glycolysis?

Gluconeogenesis uses lactate as a substrate to produce glucose, which can then be used to generate ATP through glycolysis (D) Signup and view all the answers