Glycolysis Pathway Summary
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the conversion of pyruvate to lactate under anaerobic conditions?

  • To generate ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
  • To regenerate NAD+ for continued glycolysis (correct)
  • To provide energy for the electron transport chain
  • To increase the production of pyruvate for the TCA cycle

    • What is the role of lactate dehydrogenase in the conversion of pyruvate to lactate?

  • It is involved in the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle
  • It is a competitive inhibitor of the reaction
  • It uses NADH as a cofactor to drive the reaction
  • It catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate (correct)

    • How does the conversion of pyruvate to lactate contribute to the continuation of glycolysis under anaerobic conditions?

  • It generates ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation
  • It provides energy for the electron transport chain
  • It increases the production of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
  • It regenerates NAD+ to be used in the earlier steps of glycolysis (correct)

    • What is the significance of lactate production in red blood cells (RBCs)?

    <p>Lactate production in RBCs is due to the absence of mitochondria, which prevents the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of converting pyruvate to alanine in the muscle?

    <p>To export excess nitrogen from the muscle to the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the entry of pyruvate into the TCA cycle differ between aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

    <p>Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactate, while under aerobic conditions, it enters the TCA cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) in the regulation of glycolysis?

    <p>PEP is a substrate for the pyruvate kinase reaction, which is the final step of glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the regulation of pyruvate kinase affect the overall regulation of glycolysis?

    <p>Pyruvate kinase is a key control point in glycolysis, and its regulation can slow down or speed up the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of gluconeogenesis in the context of lactate production and glycolysis?

    <p>Gluconeogenesis uses lactate as a substrate to produce glucose, which can then be used to generate ATP through glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

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