BIOCHEM-C Glucose Homeostasis & Fuel Metabolism - Dra. Flores - 2023-01

What are the three sources of glucose for the body?

What can glucose be stored as once transported into cells?

What is the ultimate long-term energy-storage material derived from excess glucose?

Which process involves the conversion of excess glucose to fatty acids?

Which molecules are the main substrates for gluconeogenesis?

What is the primary energy source during prolonged fasting and prolonged exercise?

Which organ is responsible for the bulk of glucose output during fasting?

During prolonged fasting, what is stored in the adipose tissue?

Which statement is true about muscle energy sources?

What is the main function of alanine and lactate in muscle?

In which tissues does glycogenolysis occur with the release of cellular glucose into the bloodstream?

What is the primary fuel used by the brain?

Which hormone is centrally important in orchestrating the switch from glycogen synthesis after meals to glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis?

What is the primary function of insulin during a surge in its concentration?

Which hormone(s) counteract the effects of insulin and promote glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis, and lipolysis?

What controls insulin secretion in the β-cell?

What effect does the increase in ATP/ADP ratio have on the cell?

What is the function of C-peptide as mentioned in the text?

What happens when insulin attaches to its receptor according to the text?

Which substances can also stimulate insulin secretion according to the text?

What is the role of PDK1 in the IRS-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway?

Which protein is involved in the PI3K-independent pathway that stimulates glucose transport?

What does the activation of some isoforms of protein kinase C (PKC) regulate in the IRS-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway?

What is a key concept in glucose homeostasis and crucial to understanding the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes?