Glyburide Flashcards

Brand Names

• Micronase and Diabeta are the brand names for Glyburide.

Generic Name

• Glyburide is the generic name for the medication.

Indications

• Used as an adjunct to diet for treating non-insulin dependent, stable or maturity onset type of mild to moderately severe diabetes mellitus.
• No transition period is required when switching from most other hypoglycemics.

Dosing Recommendations

• Typical initial dose ranges between 1.25 to 5 mg, administered with breakfast.
• Normal dosage is 2.5 to 5 mg, taken once or twice daily.
• Maximum recommended daily dose is 20 mg.

Available Strengths and Dosage Forms

• Glyburide is available in tablet form with strengths of 1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, and 5.0 mg.

Medication Class

• Glyburide is classified as an antidiabetic medication, specifically within the sulfonylureas class.

Pharmacology (Mechanism of Action)

• Promotes insulin synthesis and release from the beta cells in pancreatic islets.
• May enhance the binding between insulin and its receptors and increase the quantity of insulin receptors.

Drug Interactions

• The effects of Glyburide may be reduced by rifampin.

Side Effects/Adverse Effects

• Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, heartburn, pruritus, and urticaria.
• Mild hypoglycemic reactions are possible but rare, with the frequency of occurrence not clearly defined.

Contraindications

• Not recommended for juvenile, unstable, or complicated diabetes mellitus when used as sole therapy.
• Contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosis (with or without coma) and severe renal, hepatic, or thyroid dysfunction.
• May need to be discontinued in cases of severe burns, infections, or trauma, switching to insulin instead.

Patient Counseling Tips

• Store Glyburide in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and children's reach.
• If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible; skip the dose if closer to the next scheduled time. Avoid doubling doses.
• Seek medical advice if side effects are severe or persistent.
• Take the medication with breakfast or the first main meal for best absorption.
• Adherence to prescribed diet and medication schedule is crucial for optimal effectiveness.
• Limit alcohol consumption and be aware of hypoglycemia signs, including sweating, tremors, blurred vision, weakness, hunger, and confusion. Treat with oral glucose or consult a physician if symptoms occur.