Glutamate Receptors and Excitotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of inflammation in the normal function of the brain?

  • It is necessary for normal brain function (correct)
  • It causes necrosis
  • It leads to apoptosis
  • It prevents excitotoxicity

Which protein aggregates in Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease?

  • Phosphorylated tau
  • Amyloid Beta
  • Huntingtin
  • Alpha-synuclein (correct)

What is the process of ubiquitination involved in?

  • Prevention of excitotoxicity
  • Activation of proteasome
  • Targeted degradation of intracellular proteins (correct)
  • Formation of Lewy bodies

Which type of protein aggregation disrupts other signaling cascades and sequesters proteins?

<p>Alpha-synuclein aggregation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What may be the result of misfolded and/or aggregated proteins in neurodegenerative conditions?

<p>Linkage to appearance of pathological hallmarks and neurotoxicity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is drug discovery currently facing challenges in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>The drugs are only targeting ABP and neglecting other pathways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the central role of glutamate receptors in excitotoxicity?

<p>Contribute to neuronal death (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of amyloid beta plaques (ABP) and tau neurofibrillary tangles (TNTs) in Alzheimer's disease?

<p>ABP and TNTs contribute to neurocompromise and neuronal loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of trophic factor withdrawal in relation to Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Trophic factor withdrawal is believed to be an important factor in causing Alzheimer's disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when tau, a protein involved in neuronal communication, becomes phosphorylated?

<p>It leads to neurocompromise by becoming blocked (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the availability of proteasome related to neurodegenerative diseases?

<p>Decreased proteasome availability leads to the aggregation of proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) and Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Loss of BDNF correlates with Alzheimer's disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of trophic factor withdrawal in relation to Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Increased neuronal cell death (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does phosphorylated tau impact neuronal communication?

<p>Inhibits the neurocompromise process (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of necrosis in Alzheimer's disease, as suggested by the text?

<p>It is now considered more important than previously thought (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely impact of decreased availability of proteasome in the context of neurodegenerative diseases?

<p>Accumulation of aggregated proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What potentially happens in the mitochondria that could impact neurons and contribute to neurodegenerative conditions?

<p>Mitochondrial dysfunction affecting neurons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What correlates with Alzheimer's disease more strongly than amyloid beta plaques, according to the text?

<p>Phosphorylated tau (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that heavily ubiquitinated proteins undergo in the cell?

<p>Recognition by the proteasome (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of stimulating the proteasome too much in the context of Alzheimer's disease?

<p>Disruption of normal cellular processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In neurodegenerative conditions, misfolded and/or aggregated proteins might be linked to which of the following?

<p>Appearance of pathological hallmarks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What disrupts other signaling cascades, sequesters proteins, or causes other proteins to become misfolded in the context of aggregated proteins?

<p>Phosphorylated tau (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of excess glutamate leading to cell death?

<p>Excitotoxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein aggregates in Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease?

<p>Alpha-synuclein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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