17 Questions
Why do some insulins have a faster onset while others have a longer duration of action?
Variations in the molecular structure of the insulins
What is the primary role of the formulation in insulin therapy?
Affecting the speed of insulin absorption
Which drug class promotes insulin secretion from beta-cells in T2DM?
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists
What is the mechanism of action of drugs that reduce glucose production in T2DM?
Inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis
Which drug class reduces glucose production by inhibiting the mitochondrial respiration chain in the liver?
Biguanides
How do SGLT2 inhibitors primarily lower blood glucose levels?
By promoting diuresis through osmotic effects
Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of Biguanides like Metformin?
Activate AMPK to decrease gluconeogenesis in the liver
What is a common adverse drug reaction associated with SGLT2 inhibitors?
Increased risk for urinary tract infections
What is a distinguishing characteristic of the altered energy metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus?
Elevated levels of fatty acids in the blood
Which of the following describes a key feature of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Impaired glucose uptake by adipocytes
In T2DM, what is the relationship between insulin resistance, insulin production, and blood glucose levels over time?
Increased insulin resistance leads to lower insulin production and higher blood glucose levels
What distinguishes the secretion of insulin over time during food intake in T2DM compared to a healthy situation?
In T2DM, insulin secretion does not increase enough to manage postprandial glucose levels effectively
What is a characteristic difference between type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in terms of insulin responsiveness?
In T1DM, tissues respond normally to insulin while in T2DM there's resistance
How does regular insulin differ from rapid-acting insulin in terms of its absorption and duration of action?
Regular insulin has a shorter duration of action and slower absorption than rapid-acting insulin
What is a key difference between the forms of available insulins for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
'All' of the above
'How do bile acid sequestrants like colesevelam contribute to lowering blood glucose levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)?'
'Via an unknown mechanism'
'What is the primary difference between the pharmacotherapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and that for endogenous insulin secretion?'
'Duration of action'
Test your knowledge on drugs that reduce glucose absorption, including A-glucosidase inhibitors, Amylin analog, and Bromocriptine. Learn about their mechanisms of action and effects on blood glucose levels.
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