Glucolisis y Respiración Anaeróbica
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Questions and Answers

¿Cuál es el resultado neto de la glucolisis?

  • 1 glucosa → 2 piruvato + 2 ATP + 2 FADH2
  • 1 glucosa → 2 piruvato + 2 ATP + 2 NADH (correct)
  • 1 glucosa → 2 ATP + 2 NADH
  • 1 glucosa → 2 piruvato + 2 FADH2

    • ¿Cuál es la función de la hexoquinasa en la glucolisis?

  • Activar la glucólisis
  • Inhibir la glucólisis
  • Inhibir la glucólisis cuando la glucosa-6-fosfato está presente (correct)
  • Activar la glucólisis cuando la glucosa-6-fosfato está presente

    • ¿Cuántos ATP se producen durante la glucolisis?

  • 36-38 ATP
  • 4 ATP
  • 10 ATP
  • 2 ATP (correct)

    • ¿Qué sucede con el piruvato durante la respiración anaeróbica?

    <p>Se convierte en lactato o etanol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la función del NADH en la glucolisis?

    <p>Transportar electrones en la cadena de transporte de electrones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre la respiración aeróbica y anaeróbica en cuanto a la producción de ATP?

    <p>La respiración anaeróbica produce 2 ATP y la respiración aeróbica produce 36-38 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Glucolysis

    Glycolytic Pathway

    • Glucolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose (a 6-carbon sugar) into pyruvate (a 3-carbon compound)
    • The pathway consists of 10 enzyme-catalyzed reactions
    • Occurs in the cytosol of cells
    • Net result: 1 glucose molecule → 2 pyruvate molecules + 2 ATP molecules + 2 NADH molecules

    ATP Production

    • Glucolysis produces 2 ATP molecules through substrate-level phosphorylation
    • ATP is generated through the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate
    • Additional ATP molecules can be generated during the electron transport chain in the mitochondria

    Regulation of Glucolysis

    • Glucolysis is regulated by feedback inhibition and allosteric control
    • Key regulatory enzymes:
      • Hexokinase (inhibited by glucose-6-phosphate)
      • Phosphofructokinase (activated by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate and inhibited by ATP and citrate)
      • Pyruvate kinase (activated by fructose-1,6-bisphosphate and inhibited by ATP and alanine)

    NADH and FADH2

    • NADH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a high-energy electron carrier produced during glucolysis
    • NADH is used to generate ATP in the electron transport chain
    • FADH2 (flavin adenine dinucleotide) is not produced during glucolysis, but is involved in the electron transport chain

    Anaerobic Respiration

    • Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen
    • Glucolysis is the only stage of cellular respiration that occurs during anaerobic respiration
    • Pyruvate is converted into lactate or ethanol, depending on the organism
    • Anaerobic respiration produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, compared to 36-38 ATP molecules during aerobic respiration

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    Description

    Aprende sobre el camino metabólico de la glucólisis, su regulación, producción de ATP y NADH, y su relación con la respiración anaeróbica.

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