Globalization Through the Centuries
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Questions and Answers

During the early 1500s, what did countries pursue in terms of global connectivity?

  • Focus solely on local trade
  • Isolate themselves from the rest of the world
  • Globalize economic, cultural, and political interconnectivity beyond local territories (correct)
  • Seek military dominance over neighboring countries
  • What characterized the scale and volume of interconnectivity by the beginning of the 20th Century?

  • Religious expansion and missionary work
  • Isolationism and limited trade
  • Rapid decline in global trade
  • Capital accumulation, industrial technologies, and governmental systems (correct)
  • By 1910, which countries had control over India, Africa, and Southeast Asia?

  • United States
  • China
  • European countries (correct)
  • Ottoman Empire
  • What happened to China, Central and South America, and the Ottoman Empire during the period of globalization at the start of 1900?

    <p>They fell into economic decline or were under control by other nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common material used in the mixed-media assemblages of Dadaism artists?

    <p>Wood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the concept behind the Bauhaus design?

    <p>To create an academy for artists to help rebuild Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main focus of Synthetic Cubism?

    <p>Experimenting with spatial relationships of different materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influenced the subconscious art of Surrealism?

    <p>Writings of Sigmund Freud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key aspect of the social art of Harlem Renaissance?

    <p>Based on the Black experience and traditional expressions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Synthetic Cubism artists initially focus on instead of color?

    <p>Geometric composition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Dadaism artists challenge through their art?

    <p>The very concepts of art and societal norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key aspect of Bauhaus education workshops?

    <p>Cabinetmaking, textiles, metalworking, typography, and architecture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant result of Bauhaus design concepts?

    <p>Revolutionizing manufacturing and bringing artistically designed products to the middle-class masses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key influence on the artists involved in Harlem Renaissance?

    <p>The great migration of African Americans from the south to cities in the north and west</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Surrealists believe creativity grew from the subconscious?

    <p>Based on automatism - actions not controlled by conscious mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did European countries export during the 20th century, leading to competition in various fields?

    <p>Social cultures and sciences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to significant upheavals worldwide as declining countries struggled to industrialize and compete globally?

    <p>Struggles in industrialization and global competition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regions dominated the global GDP during the 20th century?

    <p>Europe, North America, the USSR, and Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did rapid economic and industrial growth have during the 20th century?

    <p>Environmental destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the major events of the first half of the 20th century that led to significant global power redistribution?

    <p>Two world wars, a great depression, and significant global power redistribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did World War I have on social norms and world order?

    <p>Brought about a breakdown in social norms, changing class structures, and fragmented world order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ideology destabilized the world order during World War II?

    <p>Nazism and fascism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did the chaos of the time have on the art world during the 20th century?

    <p>Led to a shift in the art world with artists experimenting and innovating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the focus of modernism in art during the 20th century?

    <p>Detached from reproduction and focused on line, color, and dimension.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the three new courses of art that emerged at the beginning of the 20th century?

    <p>Expression, fantasy, and abstraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Fauvism convey meaning through its use of color?

    <p>Used bold, unnatural colors to convey meaning and movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    20th Century Globalization, Wars, and Art Movements

    • European countries exported their social cultures and sciences, leading to competition in industry, technology, architecture, and scientific concepts.
    • Declining countries struggled to industrialize and compete globally, leading to significant upheavals worldwide.
    • The industrialized regions of Europe, North America, the USSR, and Japan dominated the global GDP, while the United States and the USSR emerged as conflicting power blocs.
    • Rapid economic and industrial growth led to environmental destruction, while rising economies and nationalist movements weakened Europe's control and influence.
    • The first half of the 20th century saw two world wars, a great depression, and significant global power redistribution.
    • World War I brought about a breakdown in social norms, changing class structures, and fragmented world order, leading to nationalist movements and revolutions in various countries.
    • World War II and Hitler's ideology of Nazism and fascism further destabilized the world order, leading to widespread destruction.
    • The chaos of the time led to a shift in the art world, with artists experimenting and innovating, developing new modes of expression based on personal experiences.
    • Modernism in art detached from reproduction and focused on the basic elements of line, color, and dimension, resulting in multiple new styles and movements.
    • The beginning of the 20th century brought three new courses of art: expression, fantasy, and abstraction, with a range from realistic to non-representational works.
    • Fauvism rejected the pastel palette, using bold, unnatural colors and fragmented shapes to convey meaning and movement, defying academic painting standards.
    • Cubism reconstructed subjects into geometric shapes or abstraction, with Analytic Cubism overlapping frontal surfaces in linear grids.

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