Globalization Concepts and Impacts

Questions and Answers

What best describes globalization?

The exchange of ideas and goods on a global scale. (correct)

The isolation of countries from each other.

The restriction of trade to local vendors.

The process of controlling local markets.

What is a characteristic of economic globalization?

High trade barriers across international borders.

The free movement of goods and services. (correct)

Isolationist fiscal policies.

Limited trade with neighboring countries.

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to economic integration?

Increased protectionism.

Isolationist trade agreements.

Expansion of state-owned enterprises.

Deregulation of markets. (correct)

What is one potential negative effect of globalization mentioned in the content?

Environmental impact. Signup and view all the answers

Which component of globalization focuses on the exchange of culture and ideas?

Social/cultural globalization. Signup and view all the answers

What role does foreign direct investment play in globalization?

It enhances economic integration between countries. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about migration is accurate in the context of globalization?

Migration refers to any movement of people across borders. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the process of economic integration?

Elimination of trade barriers between regions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the I-self in self-theory?

It is the subjective self that is aware of its own actions. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of the Me-self includes personal relationships and social skills?

Social Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Gestalt, as a psychological model, from other models of self?

It posits that the person is a total entity that cannot be reduced into smaller units. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the concept of the Ideal Self according to self-theorists?

It is an imaginary self that represents personal aspirations and desires. Signup and view all the answers

Which model considers the psyche as divided into id, ego, and superego?

Psychoanalysis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a person's basic instinct to reach their highest potential?

Self-actualizing tendency Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the ideal self and the real self?

The ideal self is an aspirational identity; the real self is the present reality of one's thoughts and behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What concept describes the experience when a person's real self closely matches their ideal self?

Congruence Signup and view all the answers

How does the multiple self concept differ from the unified self concept?

The unified self concept posits a cohesive identity integrating all experiences. Signup and view all the answers

According to Rogers, what is a result of high congruence between the real self and ideal self?

Improved self-worth and mental well-being Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

What Is Globalization

Globalization involves the worldwide spread of ideas, knowledge, goods, and services.
It is characterized by increased interaction between people and nations through the flow of money and culture.
Facilitates international business through ease of communication and movement.

Merits and Demerits of Globalization

Economic Growth: Promotes trade opportunities and economic development.
Technological Transfer: Encourages the sharing of technology across borders.
Job Opportunities: Can create new employment options in various sectors.
Income Inequality: May exacerbate disparities between wealthy and poor populations.
Exploitation of Labor: Risks the rights and well-being of workers in developing nations.
Environmental Impact: Economic activities can lead to environmental degradation.

Three Components of Globalization

Economic Globalization: Encompasses international trade and investment with minimal barriers.
Social/Cultural Globalization: Involves the exchange of cultural ideas and practices across borders.
Political Globalization: Reflects the influence and interactions of global governance structures.

Economic Globalization

Countries engaging in extensive trade with minimal trade barriers demonstrate high levels of economic globalization.
Involves the free movement of goods, capital, services, technology, and information.

Economic Integration

Refers to arrangements aimed at reducing trade barriers and aligning monetary and fiscal policies to boost trade between regions.
Key factors include:
- Regional Integration: Initiatives like ASEAN and the European Union.
- Trade Liberalization: Reduction or elimination of trade restrictions.
- Foreign Direct Investment: Encouragement of investment from foreign entities.
- Privatization: Transfer of ownership from public to private sectors.
- Deregulation: Removal of regulatory constraints on industries.

Cultural Globalization

Involves the spread of ideas, meanings, and values across national boundaries.
Migration: Defines the movement of people from one location to another, which can be temporary or permanent.

Psychology Overview

Psychology is the scientific study of human behavior, thought, and emotions.
Key topics include brain function, memory organization, group dynamics, and child learning.
It encompasses all aspects relevant to human existence.

Self-Theory

Humans naturally develop theories about themselves, both individually and collectively, to derive meaning from their existence.

William James: I-Self and Me-Self

I-Self: The subjective self, the consciousness aware of its actions and continuous existence.
- Sense of agency and impact on the environment.
- Awareness of individuality and uniqueness.
Me-Self: The objective self, described through empirical aspects.
- Comprises material (appearance, home), social (interpersonal skills), and spiritual (character, values) dimensions.

Self-Models

Gestalt: Emphasizes the whole being greater than its parts.
Phenomenological/Realistic (Humanistic): Views individuals as total, inseparable persons.
Psychoanalytic Model: Divides psyche into id, ego, and superego.
Trait Theory: Analyzes personality through identified traits.
Domain Theory: Splits self into physical, emotional, behavioral, spiritual, and moral domains.

Carl Rogers: Real vs Ideal Self

Rogers, a key figure in humanistic psychology, developed the concept of the actualizing tendency, indicating a drive toward self-fulfillment.
Ideal Self: The aspirational version of oneself, shaped by personal experiences and social perceptions.
Real Self: The authentic individual, reflecting current thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
High alignment between real and ideal selves results in congruence, fostering mental well-being and self-worth.

Multiple vs Unified Self

Multiple Self: Acknowledges varying identities based on context and roles, suggesting fluidity in self-perception.
Unified Self: Advocates for a consistent, cohesive identity integrating diverse experiences.

Components of Self

Experiential Self: The consciousness experiencing being, closely linked to memory.
Private Self: The narrating aspect that interprets personal experiences, also called the autobiographical self.
Public Self/Persona: The projected image presented to others, influencing perceptions.

True vs False Self

True Self: Authentic identity representing genuine feelings and thoughts.
False Self: A façade adopted to impress others, often concealing the true self, which can change depending on situational contexts.

Self as Proactive and Agentic

Albert Bandura proposed that humans act as proactive agents in their experiences, embodying the ability to influence outcomes.
Agency encompasses personal capabilities, belief systems, and self-regulatory functions.
Key features of agency include:
- Intentionality: Deliberate actions and goal setting.
- Forethought: Anticipation of potential consequences and outcomes.
- Self-reactiveness: Choosing appropriate actions and regulating behavior.

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Description

This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of globalization, including its definition, processes, and the increasing interactions among people, states, and cultures. Additionally, it covers the merits and demerits of globalization, helping you understand its economic, social, and cultural implications.