Globalization and Media

Globalization and Media: A Historical Overview

• Globalization has been heightened through advancements in media and transportation technology, making people feel interconnected and part of a "Global Village."
• Human speech is the oldest and most enduring form of media, and languages are the lifeline of globalization.
• Writing systems, such as cuneiform, hanzi, and Mesoamerican scripts, have allowed for the collection, manipulation, storage, communication, and dissemination of information.
• The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century, allowed for the mass production of printed matter, standardized knowledge, and encouraged the challenge of political and religious authority.
• Electronic media, including television, radio, and the internet, revolutionized globalization in the 19th and 20th centuries.
• Digital media, such as software, video games, social media, and online advertising, is now the most important media influencing globalization, providing access to global marketplaces and transforming cultural life.
• Pop music is an aspect of globalization, with traditional local music being replaced by the convenience of global pop music that can be purchased and downloaded easily.
• Traditional music, such as opera and music concerts, require more time, money, and space than pop music, which is everywhere in people's daily lives.
• The advancement of pop music is a result of globalization and media, with people adopting and adapting new practices, such as fashion, sports, music, and food, through access to information provided by computers.
• Popular music reinforces boundaries of culture and identity, even as it becomes more globalized.
• The use of digital media, such as Skype, Google, chat, and Zoom, allows people to exchange ideas, establish relations, and linkages across the globe.
• The world has undergone five time periods in the study of globalization and media: oral communications, writing systems, the printing press, electronic media, and digital media.

Globalization and Media: A Historical Overview

• Globalization has been heightened through advancements in media and transportation technology, making people feel interconnected and part of a "Global Village."
• Human speech is the oldest and most enduring form of media, and languages are the lifeline of globalization.
• Writing systems, such as cuneiform, hanzi, and Mesoamerican scripts, have allowed for the collection, manipulation, storage, communication, and dissemination of information.
• The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century, allowed for the mass production of printed matter, standardized knowledge, and encouraged the challenge of political and religious authority.
• Electronic media, including television, radio, and the internet, revolutionized globalization in the 19th and 20th centuries.
• Digital media, such as software, video games, social media, and online advertising, is now the most important media influencing globalization, providing access to global marketplaces and transforming cultural life.
• Pop music is an aspect of globalization, with traditional local music being replaced by the convenience of global pop music that can be purchased and downloaded easily.
• Traditional music, such as opera and music concerts, require more time, money, and space than pop music, which is everywhere in people's daily lives.
• The advancement of pop music is a result of globalization and media, with people adopting and adapting new practices, such as fashion, sports, music, and food, through access to information provided by computers.
• Popular music reinforces boundaries of culture and identity, even as it becomes more globalized.
• The use of digital media, such as Skype, Google, chat, and Zoom, allows people to exchange ideas, establish relations, and linkages across the globe.
• The world has undergone five time periods in the study of globalization and media: oral communications, writing systems, the printing press, electronic media, and digital media.

The Globalization of Religion and the World's Major Religions

• Religion is a set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices relating to or manifesting faithful devotion to an acknowledged ultimate reality or deity.
• Globalization affects religions in several ways, including religious pluralism, diasporas, and the development of religion as a political and cultural resource.
• The modernist perspective suggests that all secularizations would eventually look alike, and different religions would end up as the same worldly and rational philosophy.
• The post-modernist perspective emphasizes expressive individualism and predicts the disappearance of traditional religions.
• The pre-modernist perspective suggests that each religion has secularized in its own distinctive way, resulting in its own distinctive secular outcome.
• World religions are the five largest and most internationally widespread religious movements: Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Buddhism.
• Christianity is the largest of the world's religions, with more than two billion believers and three major groups: the Roman Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox churches, and Protestant churches.
• Islam is a major world religion promulgated by the Prophet Muhammad in the 7th century CE, characterized by the belief in one God and the surrender to Allah's will.
• The Five Pillars of Islam include the profession of faith, prayer, alms tax, fasting, and pilgrimage to Mecca.
• Judaism is a monotheistic religion developed among the ancient Hebrews, characterized by the belief in one transcendent God who revealed himself to the Jewish prophets and a religious life in accordance with Scriptures and rabbinic traditions.
• The "Big Five" religions are often listed in an "Abrahamocentric order," placing the largest three Abrahamic religions (Christianity, Judaism, and Islam) before the non-Abrahamic religions (Hinduism and Buddhism).
• Religion is a personal and institutionalized set of attitudes, beliefs, and practices that express people's relationship with the holy, sacred, divine, or worthy of especial reverence and deal with ultimate concerns about their lives and fate after death.