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Questions and Answers
What was the main concern in the 1960s regarding early computer systems?
Which work explored ethical implications of automation and human-computer interaction in the 1970s?
In the early days of computing, what raised questions about who had access to personal information stored in computer databases?
What highlighted the ethical responsibility of professionals to prioritize safety over organizational interests?
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What characterized the emergence of computer ethics as a distinct field of study in the 1970s and 1980s?
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Who raised concerns about the safety of the O-rings in the Space Shuttle Challenger's solid rocket boosters?
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Which period saw notable ethical dilemmas and controversies prompting discussions in computing?
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"Computer Power and Human Reason" explored which aspect related to computing?
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'Cybernetics' by Norbert Wiener focused on what aspect of computing?
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'Whistleblowing and Ethical Responsibility' highlighted the importance of prioritizing what over organizational interests?
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Study Notes
Globalization and Cultural Perspectives
- Computing technology's increasing interconnectedness and globalization raised ethical considerations with cross-cultural and international dimensions.
- Cultural differences in values, norms, and attitudes towards technology led to questions about universal ethical principles versus culturally specific ethical practices.
Digital Rights and Freedom of Expression
- The proliferation of the internet and social media in the early 2000s raised questions about digital rights and freedom of expression.
- Ethical debates emerged about censorship, online privacy, and technology companies' responsibilities to balance users' rights with competing interests.
Contemporary Ethical Debates
- Emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, big data analytics, and blockchain raise ethical debates about:
- Algorithmic bias, autonomous systems, social media manipulation, and automation's impact on job displacement.
- Present implications of computing ethics include:
- Ethical implications of artificial intelligence, including algorithmic bias, discrimination, and accountability.
- Ethical hackers' strict adherence to guidelines and proper authorization to ensure harm and privacy breach prevention.
Ethical Considerations
- Technology addiction and mental health:
- Addressing addictive technology design in social media, video games, and mobile applications.
- Minimizing addictive features, promoting digital well-being, and fostering responsible technology use.
- Ethical use of biometric data:
- Companies must uphold principles like consent, transparency, and data minimization to protect biometric privacy.
- Ethical decision-making in software development:
- Balancing competing ethical considerations, such as user convenience vs. data privacy in mobile application design.
- Ethical considerations in autonomous weapon systems:
- Discussing the implications of developing and deploying autonomous weapon systems, such as drones and robotic soldiers.
Early Computing and Privacy
- Concerns about government surveillance and privacy infringement arose in the 1960s with early computer systems.
- Questions about access to personal information stored in computer databases and its potential uses emerged.
Computer Ethics Emergence
- The 1970s and 1980s saw the emergence of computer ethics as a distinct field of study, influenced by computing technology's rapid expansion and societal impact.
- Pioneering works, such as Norbert Wiener's "Cybernetics" and Joseph Weizenbaum's "Computer Power and Human Reason," explored ethical implications of automation, artificial intelligence, and human-computer interaction.
Whistleblowing and Ethical Responsibility
- Roger Boisjoly's whistleblowing about the safety of the Space Shuttle Challenger's solid rocket boosters highlighted the ethical responsibility of professionals to prioritize safety over organizational interests.
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Description
Explore the impact of globalization on computing ethics, including the challenges posed by cultural differences in values and norms. Delve into the debate between universal ethical principles and culturally specific practices in the realm of technology.
