Globalisation in Sociology
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are considered main aspects of globalisation?

  • Cultural (correct)
  • Political (correct)
  • Technological
  • Economic (correct)

Globalisation is a concept that has been widely popular in sociology since the beginning of the twentieth century.

False (B)

What technological advancements contributed to the rise of globalisation?

Advances in travel and communications technology

Globalisation is best studied in an __________ way, drawing on other social sciences.

<p>interdisciplinary</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their descriptions:

<p>Cultural Globalisation = Shared music, art, and cultural practices across the globe Political Globalisation = Increased cooperation between countries on global issues Economic Globalisation = Integration of economies through trade and investment Generic Globalisation = General trends towards global interconnectedness</p> Signup and view all the answers

What image famously contributed to the popularity of the idea that we share one small planet?

<p>Earthrise (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There is a general agreement among sociologists about the definition and implications of globalisation.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some issues that globalisation encompasses?

<p>Economic and environmental issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the view of globalists regarding globalisation?

<p>It is an essential and transformative development in social life. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Negative globalists believe that globalisation leads to more equality between rich and poor.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'glocalisation' refer to?

<p>The adaptation of global ideas to local contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ effect suggests that wealth generated by the capitalist system will eventually benefit the poorer populations.

<p>trickle down</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of Manuel Castells' types of collective identity?

<p>Submissive identities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Globalisation has consistently accelerated since the early 21st century without interruption.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way might McDonald's adapt its menu in India?

<p>By not offering beef burgers due to cultural norms regarding cows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ index and Bhutan’s gross national happiness attempt to measure well-being beyond material wealth.

<p>happy planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is often skeptical of globalisation and sees it as merely a recent phase in history?

<p>Traditionalists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cultural imperialism suggests that Western culture is exclusively eradicating local traditions.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common metaphor used to describe the nature of globalisation?

<p>Juggernaut</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Scotland and Catalonia, national identities have _______ as a result of globalisation.

<p>weakened</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following concepts to their descriptions:

<p>Globalists = Supporters of globalisation who see it as transformative Traditionalists = Those who view globalisation as a historical continuum Negative globalists = Critics who believe capitalism exacerbates inequality Transformationalists = Those who believe globalisation's effects are not predetermined</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _______ states often struggle to effectively address global threats such as terrorism and climate change.

<p>United Nations</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic trend is a common phenomenon in the Western world?

<p>Aging population (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The UK has been very successful in raising achievement levels among economically disadvantaged students.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one extremist group that has targeted schools in Nigeria.

<p>Boko Haram</p> Signup and view all the answers

Migration patterns have changed such that a growing proportion of migrants are ______.

<p>female</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the global health issue to its impact:

<p>Ebola outbreak = Highlighted lack of resources in affected countries Cuba's healthcare = High life expectancy despite being less economically developed Transnational pharmaceutical companies = Control over medicine pricing and availability World Health Organisation = Provided support during health crises</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of education in the UK has achieved notable success?

<p>First and second generation immigrants in maths (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Globalisation has simplified identities based on class, ethnicity, nationality, and gender.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term coined by Thomas Hylland Eriksen for identities that span multiple countries?

<p>Transnational identities</p> Signup and view all the answers

The UK National Health Service relies heavily on doctors and nurses from ______.

<p>other countries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is known for attempting to prevent the education of girls in Afghanistan?

<p>Taliban (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

There has been no progress towards the Millennium development goal of primary education for all.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the global economic trend affecting work, particularly in the context of low wages?

<p>New international division of labour</p> Signup and view all the answers

More people are developing complex hybrid identities due to ______.

<p>migration</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the changes in work experience due to globalisation?

<p>Greater standardisation and surveillance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'McDonaldisation' refer to in the context of work?

<p>Standardisation and efficiency in work processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Globalization

The interconnectedness of people and societies across the globe, driven by factors like technology, trade, and cultural exchange.

Cultural Globalization

The spread of ideas, customs, and practices across nations and cultures.

Political Globalization

The growth of international organizations and agreements that influence global policies.

Economic Globalization

The integration of economies through trade, investment, and financial flows.

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One World Concept

The idea that we all share one interconnected planet, fostering a sense of global responsibility.

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Global Awareness

The growing awareness of events and life in distant places, facilitated by technology and communication.

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Globalization Debate

The debate about the benefits and drawbacks of globalization, including its impact on different groups and regions.

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Globalization's Impact

The impact of globalization on various aspects of society, such as education, family structures, and the environment.

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Globalist perspective

The idea that globalization is a new and powerful force shaping society.

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Traditionalist perspective

The view that globalization is simply the latest stage in a long historical process and has not gone as far as globalists claim.

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Global Spread of Capitalism

The spread of capitalism and its associated economic, political, and cultural systems worldwide.

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Neo-liberalism

A view that sees globalization as a force for economic growth and prosperity, even for those in poorer countries.

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Negative Globalist

A pessimistic view that sees globalization as leading to exploitation, inequality, and environmental damage.

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Cultural Imperialism

The view that Western culture dominates and replaces local cultures through globalization.

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Transformationalist perspective

The idea that globalization is a force for change, but its direction is not predetermined.

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Hybrid Culture

The process of blending or mixing cultures through globalization.

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Legitimate identity

A sense of shared identity and belonging based on citizenship and national affiliation.

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Resistance identity

A sense of identity that emerges from resisting negative views or stereotypes.

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Project identity

A sense of identity that is created through shared commitment to a cause or movement.

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Slowing or Halting of Globalization

The slowdown or potential stagnation of globalization in the early 21st century.

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Happy Planet Index

A system for assessing the well-being of a society by considering factors beyond material wealth.

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Emulating Finnish Education Policies

The UK government's initiative to learn from and emulate Finland's education policies.

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Global Wealth Inequality

The trend of increased wealth and income disparity across the globe, as seen in both the UK and other countries.

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New International Division of Labor

The process of companies shifting production to countries with lower labor costs, leading to job losses in developed nations like the UK.

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McDonaldization

The increasingly standardized and efficient workplace practices, characterized by simplified tasks, tight control, and relentless focus on productivity, exemplified by fast-food chains.

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Healthcare Outcomes and National Priorities

The phenomenon of countries like Cuba having outstanding healthcare despite limited resources, showcasing the importance of national priorities in public health.

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Global Health Crisis (Ebola)

The global health crisis exemplified by the 2014 Ebola outbreak, highlighting the vulnerability of developing nations due to limited healthcare infrastructure.

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Global Pharmaceutical Industry (Big Pharma)

The influence of multinational pharmaceutical companies (Big Pharma) on global health, raising concerns about ethical practices, drug development, and potential profit-driven manipulation.

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Feminization of Migration

The increasing trend of women migrating from poorer countries to work in low-paying service sectors in developed nations, contributing to the feminization of migration.

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Diaspora Communities

The growing number of individuals who maintain strong connections to their country of origin despite living abroad, forming communities with significant financial remittances back home.

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Global Demographic Trends

The ongoing demographic shifts, particularly the ageing populations in Western nations, contrasting with younger populations in Africa, influenced by global migration patterns.

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Migration and Population Growth

The impact of migration on population growth in the UK, with an influx of working-age adults contributing to a rise in the birth rate.

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Globalization and Digital Culture

The increasing use of internet and social media, connecting young people across borders and accelerating the influence of globalization on daily life.

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Transnational Identities

The emergence of complex identities formed through migration and diverse cultural backgrounds, often leading to transnational identities transcending traditional boundaries.

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Globalization and Identity

The concept of identities being challenged and redefined by globalization, leading to a more diverse and interconnected world.

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Global Education Market

The global education market, where UK universities, publishers, and others seek to expand their reach and influence internationally.

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International Education Comparisons

The comparison of education systems and achievement levels across countries, highlighting the challenges and successes in different contexts.

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Study Notes

Globalisation in Sociology

  • Globalisation is now a crucial concept across all sociology topics, unlike before, requiring integration.
  • Its popularity rose in the late 20th century due to advancements in travel, communication, media, and the realization of shared global issues (economic, environmental).
  • The concept of globalisation shares common ground with sociology's founders' international perspectives, although its study is fundamentally interdisciplinary.
  • Globalisation is best understood through cultural, political, and economic lenses.
  • Evidence of globalisation is apparent through global food origins, awareness of distant places, and communication ease.
  • Debates surround its definition, duration, beneficiaries, negative effects, and reversibility.

Sociological Perspectives on Globalisation

  • Globalists view globalisation as a transformative force, while traditionalists see it as a continuation of historical trends.
  • Globalists, particularly neo-liberals, often view globalisation through a capitalist lens (free market growth and trickle-down effects).
  • Critics (radical globalists) see globalisation as intensifying exploitation and creating global divides. Cultural imperialism, they argue, causes the erosion of traditional values.
  • Transformationalists perceive globalisation as adaptable and not predetermined in its consequences. They highlight cultural blending through hybridity.
  • Glocalisation is a concept highlighting global effects seen in local contexts leading to both homogenisation and heterogeneity.
  • Resistance to globalisation exists in many countries due to preservation of traditional cultures and identities, often in reaction to Western or American dominance.

Globalisation and Specific Sociological Topics

  • Education: Global perspectives on the UK education system (e.g., comparing it to Finland or China's methods). International rankings (e.g., PISA) are valuable for critical analysis, noting UK's successes and failures. Global education market exists, with differing experiences in less economically developed countries (e.g., Afghanistan, Nigeria).
  • Families and Households: Global context of the nuclear family (comparisons with other family structures). Global trends in demographics and migration. Transnational identities and diaspora communities. Consideration of migration's effects on birth rates (in the UK). Changes in migration patterns—increased female migrant participation.
  • Culture and Identity: Globalisation impacts cultural influences and internet usage. Hybridity of identities through migration/mixed heritage. Transnational identities. Weakening of certain identities (e.g., Scottish, Catalan).
  • Health: Globalised health industry (e.g., the NHS's reliance on international healthcare professionals). The Ebola outbreak highlighted disparities globally. Transnational pharmaceutical companies' influence (e.g., "Big Pharma"). Comparison of health outcomes across countries.
  • Work, Poverty, and Welfare: Global wealth and income inequality. Role of transnational corporations and the impact on wages and production shifts (e.g closing factories in the UK). Globalization affecting the new international division of labor and the standardisation of work (McDonaldization).

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Description

Explore the multifaceted concept of globalisation and its significance in sociology. This quiz covers various perspectives, including globalists and traditionalists, and examines cultural, political, and economic lenses. Test your understanding of globalisation's impact on society and shared global issues.

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