Global Health Challenges and Demography
135 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which groups are considered susceptible patients for pollution-related cardiovascular disease?

  • Pregnant women and elderly persons
  • Individuals with asthma and diabetes (correct)
  • Transplant recipients and those with heart failure (correct)
  • Healthy individuals with no chronic conditions

What percentage of global greenhouse gas emissions is the healthcare system responsible for?

  • 6-7%
  • 4-5% (correct)
  • 8-9%
  • 2-3%

What is demography primarily concerned with?

  • The study of human population dynamics (correct)
  • The geographical features of a region
  • The financial status of a population
  • The educational attainment of individuals

Which of the following factors is often overlooked as a cardiovascular risk in clinical practice?

<p>Pollution exposure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of strategy is suggested for assessing air pollution exposure in patients?

<p>Evaluation based on patient’s ZIP Code (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence population size?

<p>Weather conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role should health professionals take in response to the health threat of climate change?

<p>Actively promote sustainable healthcare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic factor is crucial for health service planning?

<p>Population age distribution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major global health challenge mentioned?

<p>Access to healthcare for all populations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the average number of babies per woman in Europe during the 1800s?

<p>4-5 babies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary driver of population change?

<p>Fertility rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current average number of babies per woman globally as per the data?

<p>2.5 babies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population size is affected by mortality?

<p>It significantly contributes to population decline. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely projection for the average number of babies per woman in the future?

<p>2.0 babies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes migration in relation to population?

<p>It includes the movement of people for various reasons. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which population growth trend is indicated for developed countries?

<p>Stagnant or declining population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles do medical professionals play in addressing climate change?

<p>Advocating for sustainable healthcare practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been a significant change in birth rates since the 1960s?

<p>Dramatic drop in birth rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of natural population change?

<p>Births and deaths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is most of the global population growth occurring?

<p>Developing countries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What period does the provided data on global population growth cover?

<p>1950–2050 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a contributing factor to overcrowding in urban areas?

<p>Unplanned urban housing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By 2050, what will the proportion of the world’s population over 60 years old be?

<p>22% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the age dependency ratio indicate?

<p>The ratio of dependents to the working-age population (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age group constitutes the 'young' age dependency ratio?

<p>People aged 0-14 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of urban health risks being unequally distributed?

<p>Higher mental health issues among certain populations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic is most likely to increase in dependency ratios in the future?

<p>The elderly population aged 65 and older (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main health concerns associated with an ageing population?

<p>A higher demand for health services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor contributes to air pollution in urban areas?

<p>Traffic congestion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does TPFR measure?

<p>Average number of children born to a woman (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In EU countries, how does the TPFR compare to the replacement level?

<p>It remains below the replacement level (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the estimated number of international migrants globally?

<p>258 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event caused a significant population displacement in current times?

<p>The Syrian war (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which conflict resulted in a 50% increase in displacement in Afghanistan in 2021?

<p>Taliban take-over (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the world's population is expected to live in urban areas by 2050?

<p>68% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many refugees and asylum seekers were estimated globally in 2016?

<p>25.9 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a negative impact of urbanization mentioned?

<p>Negative public health impacts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiative has the Ministry of Health in Bahrain provided for the elderly since 2008?

<p>Mobile health units for home visits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT listed as a major global health threat in 2019?

<p>Nuclear disasters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which health threat is associated with increased burden due to climate change?

<p>Non-communicable diseases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a likely consequence of climate change on health mentioned in the content?

<p>Altered infectious disease patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is related to weak primary care as a global health threat?

<p>Lack of vaccinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pathogen was identified as a high threat in the 2019 health predictions?

<p>Ebola (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is considered vector-borne as a direct health effect of climate change?

<p>Dengue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which issue relates to increased migration and displacement as a result of climate change?

<p>Increased incidence of water-borne diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to population size?

<p>National healthcare policy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of demography in relation to healthcare?

<p>To analyze and predict population trends for effective planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major demographic trend has been observed in global fertility rates over the last 50 years?

<p>A drastic decline in fertility rates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the average number of babies per woman in Europe during the 1800s?

<p>4-5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a critical factor in health service planning?

<p>Understanding socio-economic status (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contribution does healthcare make to the climate crisis?

<p>Contributes to greenhouse gas emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best reflects the trend in the average number of babies per woman since the 1960s?

<p>The number has decreased significantly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does migration affect population dynamics?

<p>It influences population size and composition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current global average number of babies per woman?

<p>2.5 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By what year is the global average number of babies per woman expected to potentially drop to 2 or even lower?

<p>2100 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will be the expected proportion of the world’s population aged over 60 by 2050?

<p>Approximately 20% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main global health challenges facing the world today?

<p>Rising antibiotic resistance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is most of the current global population growth occurring?

<p>In developing countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary factors that contribute to population change?

<p>Births and deaths along with migration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the predicted trend for births per woman in the coming decades according to the data?

<p>They will likely continue to fall. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'natural increase' refer to in population change processes?

<p>The net effect of births on deaths (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic groups are considered at higher risk for pollution-related cardiovascular diseases?

<p>Elderly individuals and pregnant women (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is critical in assessing a patient's exposure to air pollution in a clinical setting?

<p>Patient's ZIP Code (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following strategies can health professionals employ to address pollution-related health issues?

<p>Promoting sustainable healthcare practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of cardiovascular risk, what has been recognized as a commonly overlooked factor in clinical practice?

<p>Pollution exposure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which approach highlights the role of health professionals in combating climate change-related health threats?

<p>Leading initiatives for sustainable healthcare (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the expected increase in dependency ratios in the future?

<p>A rise in the number of people aged 85 and older (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age dependency ratio focuses on individuals older than 64?

<p>Old age dependency ratio (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is NOT typically associated with health risks in urban areas?

<p>Improved sanitation facilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic group has the highest need for health services according to age dependency ratios?

<p>Both individuals aged 0-14 and those aged 65 and older (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact is population ageing expected to have by 2050?

<p>Doubling of the proportion of the population over 60 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which city is mentioned as having issues related to air pollution and overcrowding?

<p>Dhaka (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of unplanned urban housing?

<p>Reduced health services accessibility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for health planners to understand age dependency ratios?

<p>To allocate health resources efficiently to those in need (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Total Period Fertility Rate (TPFR) indicate?

<p>The number of children a woman could potentially bear given current age-specific fertility rates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the projected percentage of the global population living in urban areas by 2050?

<p>68% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many international migrants were reported globally?

<p>258 million (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major event has recently contributed to significant population displacement?

<p>The Syrian war (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding migration from developing to industrialized countries?

<p>Economic opportunities are the foremost reason for migration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total international refugee population was comprised of children in recent statistics?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does migration have on population dynamics?

<p>It can both increase and decrease populations based on flows. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has urbanization affected public health, according to the information provided?

<p>It may contribute to negative public health impacts as density grows. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which non-communicable disease is expected to increase as a direct health effect of climate change?

<p>Malaria (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of increased food shortages related to climate change?

<p>Increased migration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a major global health threat predicted in 2019?

<p>Zika virus outbreaks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does climate change play in the transmission of infectious diseases?

<p>It alters the pattern of infectious diseases. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which key health initiative related to elderly care was implemented by the Ministry of Health in Bahrain since 2008?

<p>Mobile health units for home visits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the predicted health impacts of fragile and vulnerable settings?

<p>Higher incidence of water-borne diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is associated with vaccine hesitancy as a global health threat?

<p>Social media misinformation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What global health threat is characterized by the inability to effectively manage infectious diseases due to decreased healthcare access?

<p>Weak primary care (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main drivers of population change as discussed in population studies?

<p>Fertility, Mortality, and Migration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend observed in global fertility rates over the past 50 years?

<p>Dropped drastically in many regions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic factor is essential to consider for effective health service planning?

<p>Population growth rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do healthcare systems contribute to the climate crisis?

<p>Through their greenhouse gas emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors plays a significant role in influencing a population's size?

<p>Fertility rates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do medical professionals have in the context of climate change?

<p>Apport preventive measures against health impacts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the demographic study of migration involve?

<p>Analyzing movement patterns of people in certain geographic areas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant global health challenge today related to population dynamics?

<p>Managing population aging and associated health issues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the average number of babies per woman in Europe during the 19th century?

<p>4-5 children (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected future trend for the average number of babies per woman globally?

<p>It will continue to fall to around 2 babies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What population growth trend is observed in developing countries?

<p>Population growth is occurring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic change has been noted since the 1960s regarding birth rates in Europe?

<p>Birth rates have decreased significantly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the inputs in the population change process?

<p>Immigration and births (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many babies per woman is the current global average reported as?

<p>2.5 babies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic trend has occurred in population sizes related to migration?

<p>Net immigration has increased population sizes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the projected trend for the human population by the year 2050?

<p>Continued rapid growth primarily in cities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary implication of the age dependency ratio for health planning?

<p>It helps in allocating resources to various health sectors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic shift is expected by 2050 regarding the global population over 60 years?

<p>It will increase nearly double from 12% to 22%. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age group has the highest need for health services according to the dependency ratios?

<p>Elderly individuals aged 85 and older. (A), Children under 15. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributes to urban health risks being distributed unequally among social groups?

<p>Accessibility of advanced healthcare. (A), Prevalence of indoor plumbing and sanitation. (C), Quality of education and employment opportunities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential future consequence of increasing age dependency ratios?

<p>Increase burden on the working-age population. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of urban challenge is exemplified by inadequate transport and food systems?

<p>Overcrowding and slum conditions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which age demographic is significant in assessing future dependency ratios?

<p>Individuals aged 85 and older. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What urban health risk is directly associated with air pollution?

<p>Higher rates of cardiovascular diseases. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups is least likely to be considered at risk for pollution-related cardiovascular disease?

<p>Healthy adolescents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a suggested strategy for assessing air pollution exposure in patients?

<p>Assessing exposure using the patient's ZIP Code (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about healthcare's impact on climate change is accurate?

<p>Healthcare systems are responsible for about 4-5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following patient groups is considered particularly susceptible to pollution-related health effects?

<p>Individuals diagnosed with COPD or asthma (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of preventing pollution-related cardiovascular disease, which of the following strategies is emphasized for health professionals?

<p>Actively promoting sustainable healthcare practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Total Potential Fertility Rate (TPFR) indicate about women's childbearing patterns?

<p>It reflects the average number of children a woman would have with current age-specific fertility rates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following demographic challenges is particularly noted for EU countries regarding the TPFR?

<p>The TPFR remains below levels necessary for population replacement. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one major consequence of urbanization highlighted in the content?

<p>Urbanization is associated with negative public health impacts. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated number of refugees and asylum seekers in the world in 2016?

<p>25.9 million (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable population displacement linked to the Syrian conflict?

<p>6.7 million people displaced (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately reflects the trend of international migration?

<p>International migration predominantly involves individuals from developing countries moving to industrialized countries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does the Taliban take-over of Afghanistan have on population displacement?

<p>It led to a 50% increase in displacement rates. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What trend is predicted regarding the global population living in urban areas by 2050?

<p>It is expected to increase to 68%. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors was predicted to pose a major health threat in 2019 related to healthcare accessibility?

<p>Fragile and vulnerable settings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a direct health effect of climate change that has been identified?

<p>Increased burden of vector-borne diseases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which health challenge is NOT mentioned as a major global health threat identified in 2019?

<p>Tuberculosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By which mechanism does climate change contribute to health challenges?

<p>Through altered infectious disease patterns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic trend is particularly concerning in relation to an aging population?

<p>Increased dependency ratios (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What specific challenge related to the elderly population has the Ministry of Health in Bahrain addressed since 2008?

<p>Home healthcare services through mobile units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a significant health effect related to food shortages due to climate change?

<p>Increased malnutrition and food insecurity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prediction regarding health systems is related to weak primary care as a global health threat?

<p>Worsened health outcomes in marginalized populations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Babies per woman

The average number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years.

Demography

The study of human populations, considering their size, makeup, geographic spread, and changes over time.

Population change

Growth or decline of a population, resulting from births, deaths, and migration.

Developed countries

Countries with high levels of economic development, industrialization, and infrastructure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fertility

The number of births in an individual or a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Developing countries

Countries with lower levels of economic development and less developed infrastructure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mortality

The number of deaths in an individual or a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Natural increase

The difference between births and deaths in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Migration

The movement of people into or out of a geographic area.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population change processes

The interconnected factors (births, deaths, and migration) affecting population size and structure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Health & Healthcare Delivery

A field considering population size and changes, and demographics impacting future health needs.

Signup and view all the flashcards

1800s births (European)

Women in Europe during the 1800s had an average of 4–5 children.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global population growth

Yearly change in the global population's size.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Health Challenges

Significant problems facing global health today.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global population growth (1950 -2050)

Growth rate from 1950 to 2050.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Size Factors

Components driving population growth, like births, deaths, and migration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Overcrowding's urban health risks

Overcrowding in cities (e.g., Dhaka, Bangladesh) leads to poor sanitation, inadequate transportation, and food systems, air pollution, traffic injuries, and increased mental health issues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global population growth

The change in the total number of people in the world over time, impacted by births, deaths, and migration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Babies per woman

The average number of children born to a woman during her lifetime.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unequal distribution of urban health risks

Health risks in cities aren't spread equally among all social groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Developed countries

Countries with high levels of economic development, industrialization, and advanced infrastructure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age Dependency Ratio (Total)

The ratio of dependents (under 15 and over 65) to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Developing countries

Countries with lower levels of economic development and infrastructure, often experiencing higher population growth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Increasing dependency ratio

The proportion of dependents (young and old) to the working-age population is predicted to increase.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Natural increase

The difference between births and deaths in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population ageing

The trend of people living longer, leading to a larger proportion of older people in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Migration

Movement of people from one place to another, either within a country or internationally, affecting populations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Health services needs from ageing

A growing elderly population requires more healthcare resources.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age dependency ratio, young

The ratio of people younger than 15 to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population change processes

The interconnected factors (births, deaths, migration) that influence population size and composition.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age dependency ratio, old

The ratio of people older than 64 to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

1800s births (European)

Women in Europe during the 1800s had an average of 4-5 children.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Total Fertility Rate (TPFR)

Average number of children born to a woman if current fertility rates continue throughout her life.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age-Specific Fertility Rate (ASFR)

Fertility rate of women within a specific age group.

Signup and view all the flashcards

International Migration

Movement of people across international borders for various reasons.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Refugee/Asylum Seeker

Person forced to leave their home country due to fear of persecution or war.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Displacement

Forced movement of people from their homes, often due to conflict or crises.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urbanization

Growth of cities and the movement of people to urban areas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Syrian War Displacement

Largest current population displacement caused by the Syrian war

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Urban Population

Increasing percentage of the world's population living in cities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Overcrowding's urban health risks

Overcrowding in cities, like Dhaka, Bangladesh, leads to poor sanitation, inadequate transportation, food systems, air pollution, and traffic injuries. This causes significant mental health issues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unequal distribution of urban health risks

Health issues in cities aren't spread evenly. Different social groups face varying levels of risk.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age Dependency Ratio (Total)

The ratio of dependents (those under 15 and over 65) to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age dependency ratio, young

The number of people under 15 divided by the working-age population (15-64), expressed as a proportion per 100 working-age people.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age dependency ratio, old

The number of people 65 and over divided by the working-age population, expressed as a proportion per 100 working-age people.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Increasing dependency ratio

The ratio of dependents to working-age people, young & old, is often expected to increase in future years because of longer lifespans.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population ageing

A global trend where people are living longer, increasing the proportion of elderly people in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Health services needs from ageing

A large ageing population will put a greater pressure on healthcare systems, as the older people will need more health services.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bahrain's Aging Pop.

Bahrain's population is getting older, requiring more healthcare services for the elderly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MOH Home Visits

Bahrain's Ministry of Health provides mobile healthcare units for home visits to elderly citizens.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Health Threats (2019)

Ten significant health issues identified in 2019, including air pollution, non-communicable diseases, and pandemics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Climate Change & Health

Climate change impacts health through extreme weather events, altered disease patterns, and food/water crises.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vector-borne Diseases

Diseases spread by vectors like insects, affected by climate change (e.g., malaria, dengue).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Waterborne Diseases

Diseases spread through contaminated water; more common in vulnerable regions due to climate change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-Communicable Diseases

Chronic illnesses like heart disease and cancer with a rising global prevalence, potentially worsening with climate change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Influenza Pandemic

A potential global health threat of a new influenza outbreak, impacting vulnerable populations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pollution-related CVD

Cardiovascular disease caused or exacerbated by pollution exposure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Susceptible Patients (Pollution)

Individuals with existing cardiovascular conditions (ASCVD, heart failure, COPD, asthma, diabetes, chronic kidney disease) or recent heart issues at higher risk from pollution exposure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pollution Exposure Assessment

Evaluating a patient's exposure to air pollution based on their location (e.g., ZIP code).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Climate Change and Healthcare

Healthcare systems contribute significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, highlighting the need for sustainable health practices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Health Professionals' Role (Climate Change)

Healthcare professionals are crucial in addressing the health impacts of climate change by promoting sustainable practices in healthcare.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Demography

The study of human populations, including their size, composition, distribution, and changes over time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Size Factors

The elements that influence population growth, such as births, deaths, and migration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Change Processes

The interconnected mechanisms—fertility, mortality, and migration—that shape population size and structure.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fertility

The number of births in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mortality

The number of deaths in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Migration

The movement of people into or out of an area.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Health Challenges

Significant health problems impacting the world today.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Demographic Factors (in Healthcare)

Details like age, sex, and ethnic background that affect planning for health services.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Total Fertility Rate (TPFR)

Average number of children born to a woman if current fertility rates remain constant throughout her life.

Signup and view all the flashcards

International Migration

Movement of people across international borders.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Displacement

Forced movement of people from their homes, often due to conflict or crisis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urbanization

Growth of cities and the movement of people to urban areas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Syrian War Displacement

Largest population displacement in current times, triggered by the Syrian war.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Urban Population

Increasing percentage of the world's population living in cities.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Refugee/Asylum Seeker

Person forced to leave their home country due to fear of persecution or war.

Signup and view all the flashcards

TPFR Levels in EU

Total Fertility Rate in EU countries is below the level needed to maintain the population over the long term.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bahrain's Aging Population

Bahrain's population is getting older, leading to increased healthcare needs for the elderly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MOH Home Visits

Bahrain's Ministry of Health provides mobile healthcare units to visit elderly citizens at home.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Health Threats (2019)

Significant health issues identified in 2019, including pollution, diseases, and pandemics.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Climate Change & Health

Climate change affects health through extreme weather, altered disease patterns, and resource scarcity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vector-borne Diseases

Diseases spread by insects, with their prevalence potentially changing due to climate change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Waterborne Diseases

Diseases transmitted through contaminated water, impacting populations in vulnerable regions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-Communicable Diseases

Chronic illnesses (like heart disease, cancer) with increasing global prevalence, potentially amplified by climate change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Influenza Pandemic

A potential global health risk related to a new flu outbreak, affecting vulnerable groups.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pollution-related CVD

Cardiovascular disease caused or worsened by exposure to pollution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Susceptible Patients (Pollution)

People with pre-existing heart conditions (like heart disease, COPD, or diabetes) or recent heart problems who are more vulnerable to pollution's effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pollution Exposure Assessment

Evaluating how much a person is exposed to air pollution based on their location or ZIP code.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Climate Change & Healthcare

Healthcare systems contribute a significant portion of greenhouse gas emissions, highlighting the need for sustainable healthcare practices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Health Professionals' Role (Climate Change)

Healthcare professionals play a key role in addressing climate change's health impacts and promoting sustainable healthcare practices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population size factors

Elements influencing population growth, including births, deaths, and migration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Demography

The study of human populations, focusing on size, composition, distribution, and changes over time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population change processes

The intertwined factors (fertility, mortality, and migration) shaping population size.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Fertility

The number of births in an individual or population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mortality

The number of deaths in a population.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Migration

Movement of people into or out of an area.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global health challenges

Significant health issues impacting the world today.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Demographic factors in healthcare planning

Characteristics like age, gender, and ethnicity, crucial for effective healthcare planning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Babies per woman (1800s Europe)

Average number of children born to women in Europe during the 1800s.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Babies per woman (2000s)

Current average births per woman globally.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Growth (Developing countries)

Where population growth is most prominent.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Change Processes

Factors that change a population (births, deaths, and migration.)

Signup and view all the flashcards

Developed Countries' Fertility

Current birth rate trend in developed countries.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Population Growth (Trend)

General change in the worldwide population size.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Population Growth (1950-2050)

The change in the global population's size from 1950 to 2050.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Developing Countries' Population Growth

Countries which are experiencing the most growth.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Total Fertility Rate (TPFR)

Average number of children a woman will have in her lifetime given current fertility rates.

Signup and view all the flashcards

International Migration

Movement of people across international borders.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population Displacement

Forced movement from one's home, often due to conflict or crisis.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Urbanization

Growth of cities and movement of people to urban areas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Syrian War Displacement

Largest population displacement in current times, caused by the Syrian War.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Urban Population

Increasing proportion of the world's population living in urban areas.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Refugee/Asylum Seeker

Person forced to leave home due to war or persecution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

TPFR Levels in EU

Total fertility rate in EU countries is below the level needed for long-term population replacement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Overcrowding's urban health risks

Overcrowding in cities, like Dhaka, Bangladesh, leads to poor sanitation, inadequate transportation and food systems, air pollution, traffic injuries, and increased mental health issues.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unequal distribution of urban health risks

Health risks in cities aren't spread evenly among all social groups. Certain groups face disproportionately higher risks.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age Dependency Ratio (Total)

The ratio of dependents (under 15 and over 65) to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Population ageing

The trend of people living longer, leading to a larger proportion of older people.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age dependency ratio, young

Ratio of people under 15 to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Age dependency ratio, old

Ratio of people over 65 to the working-age population (15-64).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Increasing dependency ratio

The proportion of dependents (young and old) to the working-age population is predicted to increase.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Health services needs from ageing

A growing proportion of older people in a population will increase the demand for healthcare services.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pollution-related CVD

Cardiovascular disease worsened or caused by exposure to pollution.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Susceptible patients (pollution)

Individuals with existing cardiovascular conditions (e.g., heart disease, COPD) or recent heart problems, more vulnerable to pollution's effects.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Pollution Exposure Assessment

Evaluating an individual's exposure to air pollution, often using their ZIP code.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Climate Change & Healthcare

Healthcare systems contribute to greenhouse gas emissions, highlighting the need for sustainable practices.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Health Professionals' Role (Climate Change)

Healthcare professionals have a role in addressing how climate change impacts health by promoting sustainable healthcare.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bahrain's Aging Population

Bahrain's population is getting older, increasing the need for healthcare services for the elderly.

Signup and view all the flashcards

MOH Home Visits

Bahrain's Ministry of Health (MOH) uses mobile health units to provide home visits for elderly citizens.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Health Threats (2019)

Major health issues identified in 2019, which included air pollution, non-communicable diseases, pandemics, and more.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Climate Change & Health

Climate change's impact on human health, causing extreme weather, altering disease patterns, and causing food/water crises.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vector-borne Diseases

Diseases spread by insects like mosquitoes, whose prevalence is potentially affected by climate change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Waterborne Diseases

Diseases spread through contaminated water, potentially growing in prevalence due to climate change in vulnerable regions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-Communicable Diseases

Chronic illnesses like heart disease and cancer that are increasing globally and may be exacerbated by climate change.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Global Influenza Pandemic

A potential global health risk connected to a new influenza outbreak, impacting vulnerable/exposed populations.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Populations, Planning and Current Global Health Challenges

  • Global population growth is increasing rapidly
  • The interplay of fertility, mortality, and migration affects population size and composition
  • Health service planning needs to consider demographic factors for successful implementation
  • Global health challenges include climate change, non-communicable diseases, and antimicrobial resistance
  • Healthcare contributes to the climate crisis, representing 4-5% of global greenhouse gas emissions
  • The role of healthcare professionals is crucial in addressing climate change

Definition and Use of Demography

  • Demography is the study of human populations, including size, composition, spatial distribution, and changes
  • Population change processes include fertility, mortality, and migration
  • These processes determine population growth or decline

World Population

  • World population has increased significantly since 1700
  • Projections show varying growth scenarios for the future

Global Fertility Rate

  • Global fertility has decreased significantly over the past 50 years
  • Current fertility rate is 2.5 babies per woman globally

Global Difference in Population Growth

  • Population growth is concentrated in developing countries
  • Developed countries have comparatively slower population growth

Population Change Processes

  • Population change is determined by inputs (births, immigration) and outputs (deaths, emigration)
  • Natural increase, total population, and migration are crucial concepts in understanding population dynamics

Births

  • Historically, birth rates were higher in Europe
  • Current birth rates in many European countries are below 2 children per woman

Migration

  • There are approximately 258 million international migrants globally
  • Most international migrants originate from developing countries
  • Refugees and asylum seekers totaled 25.9 million in 2016

War and Migration

  • Wars, such as in Syria and Afghanistan, have caused significant population displacement, with a significant portion of displaced people being children
  • The 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine caused the displacement of approximately 6 million Ukrainians

Urbanization and Migration

  • Urban areas are experiencing increased population growth
  • Economic development, job opportunities, and public services drive urban migration
  • Urbanization leads to overcrowding, inadequate infrastructure, sanitation challenges, and traffic issues

Negative Public Health Impacts of Urbanization

  • Overcrowding in slums and unplanned urban areas
  • Poor sanitation and lack of adequate transport and food systems
  • Air pollution and traffic injuries
  • Increased rates of mental health issues
  • Unequal distribution of urban health risks across social groups

Deaths - People are now living longer

  • The pace of population ageing is accelerating
  • The proportion of the population over 60 will nearly double by 2050 from 12% to 22%
  • The number of very elderly people (over 85 years old) is an important factor to consider in an aging population

Age Dependency Ratio

  • Age dependency ratio is the ratio of dependents (younger than 15 and older than 64) to the working-age population
  • Those under 15 and over 65 have the greatest needs for health services
  • Dependency ratios are projected to rise in the coming years

Key Global Health Challenges - 2019 Predictions

  • Air pollution and climate change were identified among the major global health threats in 2019 projections

Major Global Health Challenges

  • Various global health challenges have been documented.

Projections for Bahrain's Aging Population

  • Bahrain's aging population is projected to increase in the coming decades, according to projections from 2019-2030.

MOH Initiatives for Elderly Care in Bahrain

  • Bahrain's Ministry of Health (MOH) initiated mobile health units for elderly care home visits starting in 2008

Role of Health Professionals and Public Health Policy

  • Health professionals and policymakers must address the health threat of climate change tangibly
  • Sustainable healthcare activities in healthcare systems are responsible for a significant portion (4-5%) of global greenhouse gas emissions

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

RCSI Populations, Planning, and Current Global Health Challenges PDF

Description

Explore the intersections of global population growth, demographics, and health service planning. This quiz covers key challenges in global health, including climate change and non-communicable diseases, and examines the vital role of healthcare professionals in addressing these issues.

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser