Global Financial Stability Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of the Financial Stability Board (FSB)?

  • To promote global financial stability. (correct)
  • To oversee national banking regulations.
  • To publish reports on operational risk.
  • To assess individual banks' performance.
  • Which organization has set out 29 core principles for banking supervisors?

  • International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO)
  • Basel Committee (correct)
  • International Monetary Fund (IMF)
  • International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS)
  • Which core principle of the Basel Committee relates specifically to operational risk?

  • Core Principle 21
  • Core Principle 25 (correct)
  • Core Principle 7
  • Core Principle 10
  • How often is adherence to the core principles by national authorities assessed?

    <p>Periodically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Joint Forum play before it was disbanded?

    <p>Publishing papers on operational risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following core principles of IAIS specifically addresses fraud?

    <p>Insurance Core Principle 21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern that regulators introduced in response to events after 9/11?

    <p>Business continuity management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regulatory approach involves testing in live conditions to ensure effectiveness?

    <p>Business continuity management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has influenced regulators to increase their focus on legal and documentation risks?

    <p>Problems in the securitisation market post-2007</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a tool used by regulators to manage potential systemic risks?

    <p>Peer comparison studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In addition to ensuring documentation is up to date, what else is emphasized by regulators regarding legal risk?

    <p>Third-party legal opinions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What framework was introduced to guide regulatory thinking on business continuity?

    <p>High-Level Principles for Business Continuity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do regulators focus on in relation to change management at financial institutions?

    <p>The oversight of change and evidence of effective project management techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operational risk category is particularly challenging to manage according to the content?

    <p>Systems (IT) risk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the establishment of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)?

    <p>A series of scandals including mis-selling and benchmark rigging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach did traditional regulators use to assess IT risk prior to changes in their methodology?

    <p>An audit approach to ensure procedures aligned with standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do regulators inquire about regarding operational changes in financial firms?

    <p>The impact of change on various business operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the current trend in regulators' approach to IT risk management?

    <p>Incorporating third-party IT experts for a deeper understanding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant change introduced by the Senior Managers Regime (SMCR) in 2016?

    <p>Increased personal accountability for senior managers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution started jailing bankers for mis-selling as part of conduct regulation enforcement?

    <p>Australia Securities and Investments Commission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the Internal Loss Multiplier (ILM) and the ratio of Loss Component (LC) to the Bank's Internal Capital (BIC)?

    <p>ILM increases as the ratio increases, but at a decreasing rate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regulation specifically relates to conduct risk in financial markets in the EU?

    <p>Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition can supervisors set the Internal Loss Multiplier (ILM) equal to one?

    <p>Based on national discretion for all banks in their jurisdiction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized by the Basel Committee regarding operational risk management?

    <p>Qualitative and management techniques are equally important</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Loss Component (LC) equal when determining the Internal Loss Multiplier (ILM)?

    <p>Fifteen times the bank’s average historical losses over the preceding 10 years.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has heightened the focus on conduct risk in financial institutions globally?

    <p>Increased misconduct during the financial crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What changed in the regulatory position for insurance firms with the introduction of the Solvency II directive?

    <p>It provided a comprehensive regulatory framework for operational risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do regulators generally expect from banks regarding business continuity management?

    <p>Robust plans ensuring operational resilience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What requirement is imposed on banks even if the ILM is set to one in their jurisdiction?

    <p>Banks must disclose their historical operational risk losses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of setting the ILM to one for all banks?

    <p>Banks will have a unified approach to capital requirements based solely on BIC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Financial Stability Board (FSB)

    • Established by the G20 in 1999 to enhance global financial stability.
    • Coordinates the development of financial sector policies and regulations.
    • Oversees Basel Committee, IAIS, and IOSCO, ensuring alignment between these agencies.

    Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

    • Set out 29 core principles for banking supervision (revised in September 2012).
    • Core principle 25 specifically addresses operational risk management frameworks.

    International Association of Insurance Supervisors (IAIS)

    • Established 26 international core principles for the insurance sector (published in October 2011).
    • Lacks a specific operational risk principle but addresses it through corporate governance (principle 7) and fraud (principle 21).

    Regulatory Assessments

    • Adherence to core principles evaluated periodically by national authorities, primarily via the International Monetary Fund (IMF) through financial stability assessment programs (FSAPs).
    • Regulatory focus includes outsourcing supervision, business continuity management, legal risks, change management, IT risk, and conduct risk.

    Outsourcing Concerns

    • Regulators actively supervise outsourced operations, including chain outsourcing.
    • They send inspection teams to evaluate compliance and uphold operational standards.

    Business Continuity Management

    • Heightened focus post-9/11 highlights the need for effective business continuity plans.
    • Regulators require periodic testing of continuity plans through live scenarios.
    • Increasing litigation prompts regulators to ensure firms' legal procedures are updated.
    • Emphasis on obtaining specific third-party legal opinions to mitigate legal risks.

    Change Management

    • Increased pace of change in financial institutions necessitates oversight.
    • Regulators assess project management techniques and the impact of rapid changes on business operations.

    IT Systems Risk

    • Significant and complex aspect of operational risk.
    • Transitioning from a traditional audit approach to collaboration with IT experts for better risk evaluation.

    Conduct Risk

    • Emphasized by the establishment of the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) in 2013 in response to misconduct scandals.
    • The Senior Managers Regime (SMCR) introduced in 2016 further focused on personal accountability regarding conduct risks.

    Capital Adequacy and Operational Risk

    • Basel Committee emphasizes the qualitative aspect of operational risk management beyond capital rules.
    • Capital requirements are affected by historical losses, with Internal Loss Multiplier (ILM) influencing capital adequacy based on operational risk exposure.

    Regulatory Frameworks for Insurance Firms

    • Insurance firms in the European Economic Area adhered to Solvency I until the implementation of Solvency II on January 1, 2016.
    • Solvency II introduced a robust regulatory framework, significantly altering how operational risks are managed in the insurance industry.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the role of the Financial Stability Board (FSB) and its relationship with the Basel Committee, IAIS, and IOSCO. Understand the importance of these organizations in promoting global financial stability and reforming international financial regulation.

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