Pharm Medication Competency

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Questions and Answers

Match the proper abbreviations to its meaning

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Match the proper abbreviations to its meaning

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Match the proper abbreviations to its meaning

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Match the abbreviations to its meaning

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Explain how albuterol works.

<p>It binds to Beta-2 adrenergic receptors on the surface of airway smooth muscles, it then activates adenylyl cyclase that converts ATP into cAMP which leads to relaxation of bronchial smooth muscles. It opens airways and relieves bronchospasm in conditions like Asthma, COPD, Exercise induced bronchospasm</p> <p>It is a “reliever” and “rescue” used as needed (PRN) for wheezing, coughing or shortness of breath. It can also be used for COPD and exercise induced asthma, taken 15-30 minutes before exercise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of prescription/order?

<p>Patient Information (Name, DOB, MRN) Date &amp; Time: When the order was written Medication &amp; Device: Name of the drug or Respiratory Treatment Dosages: Exact amount given Route of Administration: How it’s given Frequency: How often (Q4h, TID, QID…) Duration: How long to give Indication: Why it’s ordered Special Instructions: Diluent, spacer, monitoring Prescriber info: Name, Credentialing, Signature Verification: Signature</p> Signup and view all the answers

Put this in order: A patient needs a dosage of albuterol mix with 3 mL Normal saline. It should be given via nebulizer. Treatment would be every 4 hours as needed.

<p>Albuterol 2.5 mg via SVN (nebulizer) Q4H PRN mix with 3 mL NS</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following devices base on what the patients need

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Aerosol particle size: Lower respiratory tract

<p>2-5 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerosol particle size: Terminal Airways and Alveolar region

<p>.08-3.00 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerosol Particle size: Fine particle fraction

<p>5 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aerosol particle size: Pulmonary applications

<p>1-10 mm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Components of MDI

<p>Cannister, Actuactor, Metering valve, Actuator set, Drug/propellant liquid mixture, Actuator nozzle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write down the devices for drug delivery

<p>MDI: Metered dose inhaler DPI: Dry powder inhaler SVN: Small volume nebulizer LVN: Large volume nebulizer Ultrasonic Nebulizer SMI: Small Mist Inhaler SPAG</p> Signup and view all the answers

What to use and what medication?

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Flow rate for DPI

<p>30-90 mL/min (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

____ is the flow rate for Jet nebulizer

<p>6-8 L/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can a patient do to improve the deposition of inhaled medications?

<p>Use a space with MDI, Proper technique (slow, deep inhalation with breath hold), rinse mouth after use of corticosteroids, breathe through mouth with tight seal and for infants, we can administer medication with a mask.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are Aerosols preferred? (Advantages)

<p>Rapid onset of action, Smaller doses, less side effects, Convenient and painless, Direct delivery to the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we measure the effectiveness of Beta-2 agonist in a patient?

<p>We can use the spirometry, which measures the lung capacity as well as the airflow rates including FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in a second) and FVC (Forced Volume Capacity). After administering a bronchodilator such as Albuterol we have to monitor the patient’s FEV1; if it reached at least 12% it can indicate effectiveness with the use of bronchodilator agents. In addition, we can also use the Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) to measure the speed of airflow out of the lungs. We also should evaluate the symptoms before and after giving bronchodilator, including their vital signs: HR, RR, SPO2 ecc. As well as their breathing sounds, SOB and chest tightness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cardiac side effects of Beta-2 Agonist

<p>Tachycardia (A), Tremors (B), Increase BP (C), Nervousness (D), Palpitations (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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