10 Questions
Gibbs free energy is more likely negative when_________.
entropy increases and enthalpy is low
What is the function of proteins inside cells?
All of the above
The variable region on the surface of an antibody interacts specifically with an antigen through____.
many weak noncovalent interactions, such as van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds
A protein can interact with water and lipds because__________
it has polar and hydrophobic amino acids.
Which method is most suitable for determining the location of a protein inside the cell?
confocal microscopy
Triacyglycerols are ________.
the most common fat storage molecules in cells
The word "nucleoside" refers to_______.
the nitrogen base and sugar ring
Hydrogen bonding between NH and C=O groups of every 4th amino acid within the polypeptide backbone results in which type of folding pattern?
α helix (D)
Linkage of nucleotides into nucleic acid chains occurs through a __________, leading to __________.
condensation reaction; phosphodiester bond formation
How does binding of a signaling molecule to its receptor affect its activity?
All of the above
Study Notes
Gibbs Free Energy
- More likely to be negative when the reaction is spontaneous
Protein Functions
- Perform various functions inside cells, including catalyzing metabolic reactions, replicating DNA, responding to stimuli, transporting molecules, and regulating metabolism
Antibody-Antigen Interactions
- The variable region on the surface of an antibody interacts specifically with an antigen through shape complementarity and ionic and hydrogen bonds
Protein Interactions
- Can interact with water and lipids because of their amphipathic nature, having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions
Protein Localization
- The most suitable method for determining the location of a protein inside the cell is fluorescence microscopy
Triacylglycerols
- Are non-polar, hydrophobic molecules
Nucleosides
- Refer to a nitrogenous base linked to a five-carbon sugar molecule
Protein Folding
- Hydrogen bonding between NH and C=O groups of every 4th amino acid within the polypeptide backbone results in an alpha-helical folding pattern
Nucleic Acid Synthesis
- Linkage of nucleotides into nucleic acid chains occurs through a dehydration reaction, leading to the formation of a phosphodiester bond
Signal Transduction
- Binding of a signaling molecule to its receptor affects its activity by inducing a conformational change, which then triggers a response
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