Gettier Case and the Justified True Belief Theory

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How do philosophers traditionally define knowledge?

As individual subjective truths
As personal preferences and tastes
As inherited skills from ancestors
As justified true belief (correct)

What distinguishes opinions from beliefs?

Opinions are contingent on external factors, while beliefs are not
Opinions hold more weight than beliefs
Opinions are individual thoughts, while beliefs represent expert opinions
Opinions pertain to claims about reality, while beliefs stem from personal preferences (correct)

What is the difference between a belief and an opinion?

Beliefs are inherited from ancestors, while opinions are individual thoughts
Beliefs are contingent on external factors, while opinions are not
Beliefs pertain to claims about reality, while opinions stem from personal preferences (correct)
Beliefs hold more weight than opinions

Which of the following best describes knowledge according to the text?

Justified true belief (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why does Edmund Gettier propose the Gettier case?

To provide examples of true beliefs that do not appear to be knowledge (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main problems of the justified true belief theory of knowledge?

Dependence on many factors for knowledge (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the phenomenon known as hindsight bias?

Mistakenly believing something would happen before it has taken place (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why is being right about something not the same as knowing it?

Because it may be a matter of luck without sound justification (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes information from data?

Information is an organized and processed form of data. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is essential in determining the truthfulness of a claim?

Conducting empirical research (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of engaging in critical thinking?

It helps in determining the truthfulness of a claim. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does knowledge differ from information?

Knowledge involves an increase in information and the reduction of uncertainty. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes beliefs from opinions?

Beliefs are based on objective truth and can be substantiated or challenged with evidence. (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to Plato's hierarchy of knowledge, what characterizes belief or opinion (Doxa)?

It is a deceptive knowledge based on sensory perceptions and personal opinions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

How does Episteme differ from belief or opinion according to the text?

Episteme is rational knowledge based on reason, while belief or opinion is based on sensory perceptions and personal opinions. (C) Signup and view all the answers