Gerunds and Infinitives Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What should be used after 'in spite of' or 'despite'?

  • A verb in the past form
  • A preposition
  • A noun or verb in the -ing form (correct)
  • An adjective

Which option correctly uses a base form after 'to'?

  • She wants to see a movie (correct)
  • They decided to hiking this weekend
  • He is ready to helps us
  • I plan to going to the concert

Which of these nouns is considered uncountable?

  • Teacher
  • Advice (correct)
  • Car
  • Idea

How should a negative purpose be expressed?

<p>In order not to (A), So as not to (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase correctly describes the exact purpose of a thing using a gerund?

<p>This box is for storing toys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about uncountable nouns ending in -ics?

<p>They are always singular (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences uses a collective noun correctly?

<p>The audience was clapping loudly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates the correct use of a piece of with an uncountable noun?

<p>Can I have a piece of advice? (B), Can I have a piece of information? (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which verb form is correct when referring to the collective noun 'family'?

<p>Family is gathering for dinner. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct use of 'all' with countable nouns?

<p>All the students are present. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence correctly uses 'none'?

<p>None of the students was late. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses 'every'?

<p>Every student needs to submit his or her project. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Identify the correct phrase to indicate a pair of scissors.

<p>I have some scissors in my drawer. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct use of 'most' in a sentence?

<p>Most people are happy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of the verb should follow 'enjoy'?

<p>gerund (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option correctly uses 'either'?

<p>You can choose either the red or the blue shirt. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase indicates a time frame correctly?

<p>I will study every night. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive without changing the meaning?

<p>start (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which verb structure is required after the modal verb 'might'?

<p>base form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'forget + gerund' imply?

<p>You have done something and will not forget it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which verb should be followed by an infinitive in the sentence: 'They can't afford _____ a new car.'?

<p>to buy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Choose the correct form of the verb that follows 'keep on'.

<p>persisting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses 'used to'?

<p>I used to eat for breakfast every day. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which case should you use the gerund form with 'need'?

<p>need cleaning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a proper construction after the reporting verb 'advise'?

<p>advise them to finish (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses a negative gerund?

<p>He apologized for being late. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which reporting verb can take a 'that' clause?

<p>admit (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate construction for expressing contrast using 'although'?

<p>Although he was late, he finished the project. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is used after 'promise'?

<p>promise that I would not tell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences correctly uses 'should have' to express regret?

<p>You should have informed me sooner. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following uses 'in spite of' correctly?

<p>In spite of her age, she loves exercising. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phrase correctly utilizes a verb of the senses to describe an action?

<p>These shoes feel heavy. (B), That news sounds exciting. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct use of the infinitive form after a reporting verb?

<p>She agreed to go with them. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences is an example of passive voice?

<p>The lesson is explained by the teacher. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct interpretation of the sentence 'It is said that the meeting will take place tomorrow'?

<p>There is a belief that the meeting will occur tomorrow. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence demonstrates the correct use of 'even though'?

<p>Even though he tried hard, he failed the exam. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure correctly expresses a desire using 'feel like'?

<p>I feel like playing outside. (A), I feel like having a snack. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences contains an incorrect use of the word 'like'?

<p>This fabric feels like soft. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sentences is NOT an appropriate use of the passive form?

<p>The students read the book yesterday. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sentence uses 'look' correctly with the adjective structure?

<p>They look as if they are tired. (A), She looks as beautiful as a flower. (B), You look very smart today. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the use of articles is correct?

<p>Do not use an article when mentioning institutions for their usual purpose. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these sentences correctly employs the word 'both'?

<p>Both the teacher and the students were engaged. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should you not use an article according to the rules?

<p>When mentioning the name of a city. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct use of 'neither' in a sentence?

<p>Neither option is appealing to the audience. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which article should be used when referring to something for the first time?

<p>a (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these geographical names should have 'the'?

<p>the Amazon River (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which context is the article 'the' typically used?

<p>When describing a specific mountain range. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should you correctly phrase a reference to a specific bookstore?

<p>the famous bookstore is in my town. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Gerund after certain verbs

After verbs like 'enjoy', 'can't help', and phrasal verbs (e.g., 'keep on'), use the gerund (-ing form).

Infinitive (with 'to') after verbs

After verbs like 'want', 'afford', use the infinitive form (with 'to').

Base form after modal verbs

After modal verbs (e.g., 'might', 'would rather') and verbs 'make' and 'let', use the base form (no 'to').

Verbs followed by gerund or infinitive (same meaning)

Some verbs (e.g., 'start', 'begin', 'continue') can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with no change in meaning.

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Verbs followed by gerund or infinitive (different meaning)

Some verbs (e.g., 'remember', 'forget', 'try') can be followed by a gerund or an infinitive with a change in meaning.

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'Used to' structure

'Used to' (followed by the base form) describes past habits.

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'Be used to' structure

'Be used to' (followed by a gerund) describes being accustomed or familiar to a habit.

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'Get used to' structure

'Get used to' (followed by a gerund) describes becoming accustomed or adjusting to a habit or situation.

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Should have + Past Participle

Used to express regret, criticism, or that someone didn't do something correctly.

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Verbs of the Senses

Words like "look," "feel," "smell," "sound," and "taste" used to describe how something appears, feels, smells, sounds, or tastes.

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Look/Feel/Smell/Sound/Taste + Adjective

Describes something through the senses (look tired, smell good).

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Look/Feel/Smell/Sound/Taste + Like + Noun

Describes a similarity in appearance, feeling, etc., to something else (looks like father).

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Look/Feel/Smell/Sound/Taste + As if + Clause

Describes something as appearing or seeming as if something else (sounds as if it's raining).

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Feel like (meaning want/would like)

Expresses a desire. I feel like pasta.

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Passive voice

Focuses on the action rather than the actor (e.g., the car was stolen).

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Passive voice: Formal Structure

Used for impersonal reporting (It is said that...).

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Despite/In Spite Of

These phrases introduce a contrasting element, followed by a noun, -ing verb, or 'the fact that' clause.

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Clauses of Purpose

Used to express the reason or intention behind an action.

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Purpose: 'to', 'in order to', 'so as to'

Used before a base form of a verb to express purpose.

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Purpose: 'for'

Used with a noun or a gerund to describe the purpose of something.

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Purpose: 'so that'

Used with a subject and modal verb (can, could, would, etc.) to express purpose.

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Uncountable Nouns

Nouns that cannot be counted and do not have a plural form.

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Plural Nouns

Nouns representing two or more items.

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Collective Nouns

Nouns that refer to a group of people or things, often treated as singular.

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Reporting Verbs

Verbs that introduce a statement or thought from someone else, like 'say,' 'tell,' 'ask,' 'promise,' or 'advise.'

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Infinitive After Verbs

Some verbs are followed by the infinitive form (e.g., 'to go,' 'to eat') such as 'agree,' 'offer,' 'refuse,' and 'promise.'

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Person + Infinitive After Verbs

Some verbs are followed by 'person + infinitive' (e.g., 'ask Ben to help') such as 'advise,' 'persuade,' 'tell,' and 'warn.'

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-ing Form After Certain Verbs

Some verbs are followed by the -ing form (e.g., 'being late,' 'doing my best') such as 'apologize for,' 'insist on,' 'accuse of,' and 'recommend.'

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Reporting Verbs with 'that' Clause

Some verbs can be followed by a 'that' clause, which introduces a complete statement.

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Clauses of Contrast

Sentences that show a difference between two ideas, using words like 'although,' 'though,' 'even though,' and 'in spite of'.

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'Although', 'Though', 'Even Though'

These words are used to introduce clauses that express a contrast.

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In Spite of, Despite

These phrases are used to show a contrast, followed by either a noun phrase or a clause.

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Both/Neither + Verb Agreement

When using 'both' with a plural subject, the verb is plural. When using 'neither,' the verb can be singular or plural depending on the subject.

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Both + Be Verb

When 'both' refers to the subject, it can also be used before a main verb but after the verb 'be.'

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'A/An' vs. 'The'

Use 'a' or 'an' for the first mention or when introducing something. Use 'the' when it's clear what's being referred to.

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No Article with Plural/Uncountable Nouns

Don't use articles like 'a' or 'the' when speaking generally with plural or uncountable nouns.

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Institutions: No Article (General Use)

When talking about the usual purpose of institutions like schools, prisons, churches, etc., don't use an article.

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Geographical Names: Articles

We don't usually use 'the' with most countries, continents, regions, or individual places. Use 'the' for mountain ranges, rivers, oceans, etc.

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The US, The UK, The Netherlands

These countries are exceptions and use 'the.'

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Roads, Streets, Parks: Articles

Usually no article for roads, streets, parks, etc., but highways and numbered roads use 'the.'

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Plural Nouns with No Singular

Some nouns, like "arms", "belongings", "pants", and "scissors", are always plural and have no singular form. They require a plural verb.

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Using "a pair of" with Plural Nouns

For plural nouns that consist of two parts, like "scissors", "pants", or "shorts", "a pair of" or "some" can be used to refer to a single item.

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Collective Singular Nouns

Words like "crew", "family", and "staff" are singular nouns referring to a group of people. They take a singular verb, except for "police", which uses a plural verb.

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Quantifiers: "All", "Every", "Most"

These words indicate quantity and are used before nouns or pronouns. "All" refers to the whole group, "every" to each individual, and "most" to the majority.

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"All" vs. "All (of) the"

"All" is used generally, while "all (of) the" refers to a specific group. Both can be used with plural or uncountable nouns.

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"Everything" and "Everybody"

These words mean "all things" and "all people," respectively. They are singular and take a singular verb.

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"No" vs. "None"

"No" is used with a noun after a verb to indicate zero quantity. "None" is used in short answers or with "of" to express a lack of something.

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"Both", "Neither", "Either"

These terms are used to refer to two options. "Both" refers to both options being true, "neither" to neither being true, and "either" to one or the other.

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Study Notes

Gerunds and Infinitives

  • Verbs can be followed by gerunds, infinitives, or base forms.
  • The first verb determines the form of the second verb.
  • Gerunds are used after certain verbs and phrases (e.g., enjoy, can't help).
  • Infinitives (with "to") follow certain verbs and phrases (e.g., want, afford).
  • Base forms (without "to") follow modal verbs and some expressions (e.g., might, would rather, make, let).
  • In the passive, the verb "make" is followed by the infinitive.
  • Verbs like "like," "love," "hate," and "prefer" are usually used with gerunds in general statements but can also be used with infinitives in specific situations.
  • Using these verbs with "would" always requires the infinitive.
  • Some verbs can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with no change in meaning (e.g., start, begin, continue).
  • Some verbs change meaning when followed by a gerund versus an infinitive (e.g., remember, forget).
  • Using "try" with an infinitive implies making an effort, while using it with a gerund implies experimentation.
  • Verbs followed by "need" + gerund usually indicate passive constructions.

Used To, Be Used To, Get Used To

  • Used to/didn't use to + base form describe past habits or repeated actions that are no longer current.
  • Would can also describe past habits (but can't be used with verbs like be, have, know, etc).
  • Be used to + gerund describes a current situation that has become familiar or less strange.
  • Get used to + gerund describes becoming familiar or less strange with a new situation.

Past Modals

  • Must have + past participle suggests strong certainty about a past action.
  • Might/may have + past participle suggests possibility about a past action.
  • Couldn't/can't have + past participle suggests strong certainty that an action did not occur.
  • Should have + past participle indicates regret or criticism for an action not taken.

Verbs of the Senses

  • Verbs like "look," "feel," "smell", "sound", and "taste" are followed by adjectives, nouns or clauses beginning with "as if."
  • "Feel like" can be used as a verb meaning "want" or "would like" followed by a noun or gerund.

The Passive Voice

  • The passive voice describes an action where the person or thing receiving the action is the focus
  • The passive voice is commonly used to avoid naming the person or thing that performed the action.
  • Passive voice constructions include "It is said that…", "He is thought to...," and so on.

Reporting Verbs

  • Reporting verbs introduce reported speech.
  • Reporting verbs are followed by infinitive or -ing forms depending on the verb.
  • Some require "that" clauses to report.

Clauses of Contrast and Purpose

  • Clauses of contrast use words like "although," "though," "even though," "in spite of," and "despite."
  • Clauses of purpose use words like "to," "in order to," "so as to," "for," and "so that."

Uncountable and Plural Nouns

  • Uncountable nouns (e.g., weather, traffic, progress) cannot be used with a/an, have no plural forms, and take singular verbs.
  • Some nouns can be either countable or uncountable, changing meaning when used as such, e.g. "glass".
  • Plural nouns have a plural form (e.g., scissors, pants).

Quantifiers: All, Every, Both, Etc.

  • "All" and "all of" are used in general statements before nouns. "All of" is used before an object pronoun.
  • "Every" is used with singular countable nouns.
  • "Most" describes the majority, and "most of" precedes an object.
  • Using quantifiers with time expressions depends on the specific meaning, (e.g., Every day vs. All day.)
  • "No," "none," and "any" are used to describe zero quantity before a noun.
  • "Both" is used with plural verbs, and "neither/either" can be singular or plural.

Articles: A/An/The

  • Articles indicate whether nouns are general or specific.
  • "A" and "an" are used for general discussion; "the" is used if specific, or repeated already.
  • Some nouns describing institutions, roads, or geographical areas require no article when discussing specific functions, locations etc.

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Gerunds and Infinitives PDF

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Test your knowledge on the use of gerunds and infinitives in English. This quiz covers their application after various verbs, expressions, and how they change meaning in different contexts. Get ready to deepen your understanding of these key grammatical structures.

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