Gerontologic Nursing Theory Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of person-centered care in gerontologic nursing?

Providing medical treatment efficiently

Standardizing care protocols for all patients

Focusing solely on the physical health of patients

Maximizing the autonomy of older adults (correct)

Which technique is introduced for assessment in relational practice?

Physical Examination Protocols

Standardized Health Questionnaires

Genograms and Ecomaps (correct)

Patient Satisfaction Surveys

What aspect of communication is essential when interacting with older adults?

Delivering information rapidly to avoid confusion

Using medical jargon for clarity

Maintaining a positive relationship through attitudes and skills (correct)

Ensuring all communication is done in written form

What typical living situation did Mrs. Adams have before her hospitalization?

Living alone Signup and view all the answers

During what hours are breakfast typically served in Mrs. Adams' facility?

0600 to 0800 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is a common consequence of hearing loss in older individuals?

Decreased interest in social activities Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hearing loss is characterized by damage to the inner ear?

Sensorineural hearing loss Signup and view all the answers

In which setting is hearing loss of particular concern for the majority of clients?

Long-term care facilities Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common sensory impairment in Canadians over 60 years of age?

Hearing impairment Signup and view all the answers

What typically reduces sound transmission in the ear?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major causes of vision impairment among older adults?

Cataracts Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes a communication disorder affecting the ability to understand spoken or written words?

Aphasia Signup and view all the answers

Which subtype of aphasia is characterized by fluent speech but poor comprehension?

Wernicke’s Signup and view all the answers

What type of communication difficulty involves word retrieval issues?

Anomia Signup and view all the answers

Which type of speech aid could be specifically designed to be operated by one finger?

Electronic boards Signup and view all the answers

What should nurses be familiar with to help facilitate communication for individuals with aphasia?

Speech-language pathologist recommendations Signup and view all the answers

In which category do reception, perception, and articulation fall?

Categories of impaired verbal communication Signup and view all the answers

What is Dysarthria primarily associated with?

Impaired articulation due to neurological damage Signup and view all the answers

What is a common auditory impairment affecting older adults?

Hearing Impairment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a facilitator of communication?

Active listening Signup and view all the answers

What term describes age-related prejudice towards older adults?

Ageism Signup and view all the answers

How does hearing loss commonly affect older adults?

Diminishes quality of life Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a barrier to effective communication?

Neurological disorders Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Elderspeak' refer to?

Simplifying speech based on assumptions about older adults Signup and view all the answers

Which method is recommended to facilitate communication for those with hearing impairments?

Using appropriate auditory devices Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of adults aged 70 to 79 experience hearing loss?

65% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of relational practice in understanding patients?

To provide a better understanding of a patient's life and health Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT included in the socio-environmental understanding of an individual's needs?

Physical health limitations Signup and view all the answers

What does intrapersonal analysis involve?

Being aware of oneself through feelings, thoughts, and actions Signup and view all the answers

What does the contextual approach in relational practice focus on?

The surrounding structures and forces influencing the individual Signup and view all the answers

How can diversity be understood within the context of relational practice?

Diversity is positively valued and shapes social relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to marginalization according to relational practice?

Not asking important questions Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for individuals to assess their own needs effectively?

Access to relevant resources Signup and view all the answers

What element is highlighted in the analysis of interpersonal approaches?

The support systems that are present or absent for the patient Signup and view all the answers

What should a daughter do when communicating with her father who is unable to talk after a stroke?

Use word boards and picture charts. Signup and view all the answers

What is one significant advantage of reminiscing in the elderly?

It cultivates a sense of security. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an objective of group work with older adults?

Providing personal therapy to each individual. Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential focus of successful group work for older adults?

Caring, sensitive, and skillful leadership. Signup and view all the answers

How can comprehension strategies enhance communication with individuals experiencing cognitive impairment?

By demonstrating respect and value for each person. Signup and view all the answers

What does a life story contribute to personal development?

It helps in constructing identity through reflection. Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary outcome of effective reminiscence?

It enhances self-worth and a sense of accomplishment. Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when communicating with individuals with cognitive impairments?

Making assumptions about their abilities. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gerontologic Nursing Theory: Person-Centered Care & Relational Practice

This week's focus is on key gerontological nursing theory, specifically person-centered care and relational practice
Weekly Objectives:
- Explore the application of person-centered care and autonomy for older adults
- Facilitate self-awareness for older adults
- Facilitate therapeutic communication within person-centered care
- Apply assessment approaches to relational practice (Genograms and Ecomaps)
- Promote the health and well-being of older adults using a relational practice lens

Person-Centered Nursing Framework

The framework encompasses prerequisites, processes, and the care environment
Prerequisites include knowing oneself, clarity of beliefs and values, and professional competence
Care processes involve working with patient beliefs and values, providing holistic care, engagement, person-centered outcomes, and sympathetic presence and shared decision-making
The care environment encompasses the totality of factors influencing care

Person-Centered Care

Supports independence
Improves quality of life
Promotes positive well-being
Honors choice
Enhances dignity
Empowers residents

Autonomy

Older adults' rights to autonomy, independence, care, and palliative care are essential
Older adults should be given the freedom to decide for themselves

Case Study

Mrs. Adams, an 87-year-old widow, is admitted to a long-term care facility following hospitalization for hypertension.
Key factors were reviewed about Mrs. Adams' needs: medication adherence, medical history, eating habits, daily routines, and preferred activities
The nurse assessed Mrs. Adams' needs and preferences to tailor care
The schedule was provided to match her routine

Communication with Older Adults

Every time a nurse interacts with someone, words and actions affect their relationship in positive or negative ways.
Attitudes and skills of nurses influence outcomes.
Barriers to communication, such as nurse-related barriers, hearing impairment, vision impairment, neurological disorder, cognitive impairment, language, literacy and understanding, speech impairment, and environmental factors, should be considered
Facilitators of communication include authentic and active listening, appropriate assistive devices, verbal and non-verbal communication skills, utilization of alternative communication strategies like speech aids, and simple instructions

Barriers and Facilitators for Communication

Barriers: Nurse-related barriers, hearing impairment, vision impairment, neurological disorders, cognitive impairment, language, literacy, speech impairment, environmental issues
Facilitators: Authentic and active listening, appropriate devices (assistive listening devices, hearing aids), communication skills, alternative communication methods, simple instructions, reminiscence, technology

Nurses may not understand how cognitive or physical status might be impacting the ability of the patient to communicate. Therefore better training is needed for nurses to communicate with older adults in a person-centered way, taking into account the older adult's circumstances.

Ageism and Elderspeak

Ageism and elderspeak, a form of ageism where younger people alter their speech based on the assumption that older adults have difficulty understanding, are detrimental to meaningful communication,
Older adults deserve to be respected and have their needs and perspectives considered

Communication with Older Adults with Hearing Impairments

Hearing impairment is prevalent in older Canadians, impacting communication and interaction
About 65% of adults aged 70-79 experience hearing loss
Hearing loss can diminish quality of life
Assessing and treating hearing loss in long-term care is crucial (not always done)

Assistive and Adaptive Devices

Assistive hearing aids and cochlear implants are important technologies

Vision Impairment

Major causes include cataracts, macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy

Communication with Older Adults Who Have Neurological Disorders

Neurological disturbances can cause various communication impairments (Reception, Perception, Articulation)
Specific difficulties include anomia (word retrieval), aphasia (communication disorder), and dysarthria (speech articulation impairment)
Different types of aphasia (e.g., Wernicke's, Broca's) are important to understand

Communicating with Individuals Experiencing Aphasia and Dysarthria

Accurate observation and recording of speech patterns are necessary
Implementation of speech-language pathologist recommendations is vital in communication strategies
Nurses need familiarity with appropriate technologies and communication strategies

Communication with Individuals Experiencing Cognitive Impairment

Dementia affects memory, speech, and communication
Simplification, facilitation, comprehension, and support strategies are crucial
Care and communication (with respect and value) are key to effective interaction

The Life Story and Reminiscence Therapy

The life story is an important aspect of communication, providing insight into the person's history
Reminiscence involves recalling the past, cultivating security and personal development, and is a very accessible means of this.
Reminiscence therapy improves continuity, extracts meaning, promotes identity, growth, integration of past experiences and assists in the acceptance of setbacks/regrets

Group Structure and Special Considerations for Groups of Older Adults

The main goal of group work is education, establishing structure and restoring order for each person in the group
Successful groups depend on organization, attention to detail, agency support, assessment, consideration of needs and skills, and leadership

Interpersonal and Intrapersonal Analysis for Patients

Intrapersonal analysis focuses on self-awareness
Interpersonal analysis involves understanding patient relationships and support systems
Contextual analysis examines the broader factors impacting the patient, including broader societal contexts.

Case Study 1 (79 year-old male)

A male patient, following a stroke, required communication strategies of simplified language, picture boards, and adequate lighting to facilitate understanding
The gerontological nurse should utilize word boards and picture charts

Socio-environmental Understanding

All people possess inherent strengths and a capacity for self-determination in their own needs
People are positively diverse with a variety of factors relevant to their personal journeys, experiences and needs being taken correctly into account
The importance of considering context, history, and societal influences in communication with older adults

Relational Nursing Practice

Relational inquiry is defined as the interplay of human life, the world and nursing practice.
Critiques existing norms to lead to knowledge development and challenges the existing status quo

Paper Due, March 6

The paper is worth 30% of the grade (This is important to know, as it states the value of the assignment)
The assignment is about the application of relational inquiry to care for older adults in long-term care settings

Moral Stance of "Unknowing" and Interprofessional Collaboration

The importance of acknowledging the limitations of knowledge and questioning assumptions about older adults (and therefore their care) is a value needing consideration by nurses
Interprofessional collaboration within geriatric assessments is necessary and expected in this module

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Description

Test your knowledge on key concepts of gerontological nursing theory, focusing on person-centered care and relational practice. This quiz covers essential strategies for enhancing the autonomy and well-being of older adults through effective communication and assessment approaches.