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Germline vs Soma: Understanding Germ Plasm and Cell Specification

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Germline vs Soma: Understanding Germ Plasm and Cell Specification

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mechanism that prevents polyspermy during fertilization?

Maternal mRNA degradation

Depolarization of the egg's membrane

Rapid cell divisions without growth in size

Cortical granule exocytosis and modification of the egg's extracellular matrix (correct)

What is the significance of the mid-blastula transition in early embryonic development?

It marks the onset of gastrulation

It marks the onset of zygotic genome activation (correct)

It is a stage of significant growth in embryonic size

It is a critical stage for maternal mRNA degradation

What is the consequence of excessive sperm entry during fertilization?

Enhanced embryonic development

Increased maternal mRNA degradation

Increased genomic stability

Chromosomal abnormalities and embryo death (correct)

What is the role of cytoskeletal elements during the first cleavages after fertilization?

Positioning and segregating organelles and molecules within dividing cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of germ plasm in specifying germ cells?

It influences germ cell fate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of somatic cells in an organism?

To perform various functions for the organism's growth and development Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of germ plasm in germ cell specification?

It contains molecules necessary for germ cell development and is inherited from the parent Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between germline and somatic cells?

Germline cells produce haploid gametes and contribute genetic information to the next generation, while somatic cells do not Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of classical experiments in developmental biology, such as those conducted by Wilhelm Roux and Thomas Hunt Morgan?

To understand the concept of germ plasm and its role in germ cell specification Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of germ plasm segregating into cells during embryogenesis?

The promotion of germ cell development and the continuity of the germline across generations Signup and view all the answers