Geomorphology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the process of gradual breakdown and alteration of rocks and minerals at or near the earth's surface?

  • Erosion
  • Weathering (correct)
  • Geomorphology
  • Ignition
  • What type of rock is formed when magma solidifies below the surface of the earth?

  • Dolerite (correct)
  • Basalt
  • Sedimentary rock
  • Granite
  • What is the term used to describe the layers of rock and their orientation?

  • Horizon
  • Vertically
  • Geomorphology
  • Horizontally (correct)
  • What is the process by which soil, rock, or sediment is gradually removed from its original location?

    <p>Erosion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landform is characterized by flat-topped hills?

    <p>Basaltic plateaus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the formation of flat topped hills through the cooling and solidification of magma between layers of sedimentary rock?

    <p>Sills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of plateau can cover thousands of square kilometres?

    <p>Basaltic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has eroded away in the interior plateau of South Africa?

    <p>Most of the basaltic plateau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are canyons typically characterized by?

    <p>Vertical or near-vertical walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is often carved by erosional forces in canyons?

    <p>Deep valleys by rivers or glaciers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest canyon in the world?

    <p>Grand Canyon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second largest canyon in the world?

    <p>Fish River Canyon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of landform is characterized by a rounded, convex-shaped surface?

    <p>Dome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the angle of the resistant rock in a Hogback ridge?

    <p>45 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a sedimentary rock that has sagged in the middle?

    <p>Cuesta basin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a slope that has a natural inclination or dip of rock layers or strata?

    <p>Dip slope</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of ridge that forms due to the different erosion speeds of alternating layers of resistant and less resistant rock?

    <p>Asymmetrical ridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a type of landform that is characterized by vast, semi-arid plains and low hills?

    <p>Karoo landscape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of massive igneous rocks?

    <p>They do not have layers and have a uniform colour and structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of mechanical weathering that occurs in igneous rocks?

    <p>Exfoliation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of igneous intrusion that forms like a saucer under the ground?

    <p>Lopolith</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms when a dyke is exposed to the surface of the Earth due to erosion of softer rock around it?

    <p>Serrated ridges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when granite is close to the surface and comes into contact with groundwater?

    <p>Weathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of igneous feature is the largest and deepest of all?

    <p>Batholith</p> Signup and view all the answers

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