18 Questions
Which soil order is characterized by a thick O horizon (peat) formed by accumulation of organic matter that fails to decompose?
Histosol
In which soil order do you typically find soils with aluminum and iron, forming in semiarid to humid areas?
Alfisol
Which soil order is similar to Alfisol but more highly weathered and may contain laterite or bauxite horizons?
Oxisol
What type of soils are characteristic of coniferous forests in cooler climates with a thick O horizon?
Histosol
Which soil order is most likely to be found in permafrost areas?
Gelisol
In what soil order are heavily leached soils that resemble Alfisols but are more weathered found?
Ultisol
What soil order is typically found in tropical rainforest environments?
Ultisol
Which of the following is an indication of a high degree of weathering in a soil?
Presence of clay-enriched horizons
According to the USDA soil classification system, which soil texture class has the highest proportion of sand?
Sand
Which soil characteristic is typically associated with well-drained, nutrient-rich forest soils?
Thick, organic-rich surface horizon
What type of soil feature is indicated by the presence of cutans, glaebules, and pedotubules?
Soil structure
Which of the following is a type of duricrust or hardpan layer that forms in soils?
Ferricrete
Which soil order is characterized by a high glass content due to formation on volcanic ash?
Andisol
What is a distinguishing feature of Vertisols?
Tendency to shrink and swell, forming deep cracks
Which soil order is characterized by a thick, organic-rich A horizon and a B horizon enriched in clay or calcium carbonate?
Mollisol
Which soil order is indicative of an early stage of soil development with no B horizon development?
Entisol
Which soil order forms under desert conditions and is characterized by slow soil formation and scarce accumulated organic matter?
Aridisol
What is a distinguishing feature of Inceptisols?
Young soil with some leaching in the A horizon and a weakly developed B horizon
Study notes on weathering and different soil orders such as Histosol, Spodosol, Alfisol, and organic soils like swamp soil and forest soil. Includes information on O horizon formation, typical soils of coniferous forests, and soils found in different climate conditions.
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