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Geology: Sea Caves, Arches, and Stacks

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Questions and Answers

What causes the formation of a notch during the creation of a sea cave?

Erosion from trapped air and wave action (correct)

Changes in water temperature affecting rock integrity

Only hydraulic action through high waves

Collapsing rock from above the cave

How does a sea arch eventually form?

From the collapse of a coastal barrier that leads to a tunnel

By the sea eroding a notch in two separate cliffs until they connect (correct)

Through sediment deposition between two sea caves

When wave action erodes the land from beneath an overhanging rock

What typically occurs to the roof of a sea arch over time?

It becomes thicker and stronger due to weathering

It remains unchanged until it collapses abruptly

It weakens and eventually collapses into the sea (correct)

It reabsorbs moisture and expands

What is formed after the collapse of a sea arch?

<p>A sea stack standing alone in the water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a sea stump?

<p>The final remnant of a sea stack after extensive erosion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Formation of Sea Caves and Arches

Waves erode weak and soft areas at the base of cliffs.
Hydraulic action, abrasion, and compressed air erode a notch in the rock.
The force of water erodes the notch, making it bigger.
A cave erodes all the way through a headland, forming a sea arch.
A sea arch can also form if two caves on either side of a headland join.

Formation of Sea Stacks

Over time, the roof of a sea arch weakens due to weathering and erosion.
The roof collapses into the sea.
The outside rock is left standing alone in the water, separated from the mainland.
This isolated rock is called a sea stack.
Eventually, the sea stack is broken down into a small pile of rock called a sea stump.
Example: Downpatrick Head, County Mayo.

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Description

Explore the fascinating processes that shape coastal landscapes, including the formation of sea caves, arches, and stacks. This quiz delves into the erosional forces of waves and the sequential changes that lead to unique geological features. Test your understanding of coastal geology!