Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following are types of volcanoes? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are types of volcanoes? (Select all that apply)
- Shield volcano (correct)
- Composite volcano (correct)
- Cinder Cone (correct)
- Dome
What information do geologists use to classify volcanoes?
What information do geologists use to classify volcanoes?
Shape and type of deposits
Cinder cones are made of ________.
Cinder cones are made of ________.
pyroclastic deposits
In general, how often do most cinder cones erupt?
In general, how often do most cinder cones erupt?
What are shield volcanoes generally made of?
What are shield volcanoes generally made of?
What is the range of shield volcano height?
What is the range of shield volcano height?
What are composite volcanoes made of?
What are composite volcanoes made of?
Why are shield volcanoes wider than composite volcanoes?
Why are shield volcanoes wider than composite volcanoes?
What type of magma erupts out of dome complexes?
What type of magma erupts out of dome complexes?
What type of volcanoes are the tallest?
What type of volcanoes are the tallest?
What is the range of dome complex height?
What is the range of dome complex height?
In which of the following lava types would you expect to see the development of pahoehoe?
In which of the following lava types would you expect to see the development of pahoehoe?
In which of the following lava types would you expect to find the greatest percentage of gases?
In which of the following lava types would you expect to find the greatest percentage of gases?
In which of the following types of lavas would you expect to find the greatest production of pyroclastic material?
In which of the following types of lavas would you expect to find the greatest production of pyroclastic material?
What do we call pyroclastic material, ejected during a volcanic eruption, composed of incandescent lava that is greater than 64 millimeters (2.5 inches) in diameter?
What do we call pyroclastic material, ejected during a volcanic eruption, composed of incandescent lava that is greater than 64 millimeters (2.5 inches) in diameter?
Which of the following gases is most abundant in basaltic lavas?
Which of the following gases is most abundant in basaltic lavas?
At which of the following tectonic settings would you expect to find volcanoes producing the highest volumes of pyroclastic material?
At which of the following tectonic settings would you expect to find volcanoes producing the highest volumes of pyroclastic material?
At which of the following tectonic settings would you expect to find volcanoes producing significant amounts of very fluid, high-temperature lavas?
At which of the following tectonic settings would you expect to find volcanoes producing significant amounts of very fluid, high-temperature lavas?
Which of the following would best describe the shape and composition of a volcano in the Cascade Range?
Which of the following would best describe the shape and composition of a volcano in the Cascade Range?
Which of the following statements describe a part of the process of the formation of the Cascade Mountain Range?
Which of the following statements describe a part of the process of the formation of the Cascade Mountain Range?
Which of the following volcanoes is associated with the Ring of Fire?
Which of the following volcanoes is associated with the Ring of Fire?
Which of the following features at Yellowstone National Park is evidence for a magma chamber beneath the park?
Which of the following features at Yellowstone National Park is evidence for a magma chamber beneath the park?
Which of the following pieces of evidence for a past volcanic eruption are present at Yellowstone National Park?
Which of the following pieces of evidence for a past volcanic eruption are present at Yellowstone National Park?
Yellowstone is best described as which of the following?
Yellowstone is best described as which of the following?
Which of the following was a stage in the formation of Yellowstone caldera?
Which of the following was a stage in the formation of Yellowstone caldera?
What is the term for a tabular igneous pluton that occurs in an orientation that is discordant with the bedding surfaces of adjacent sedimentary rocks?
What is the term for a tabular igneous pluton that occurs in an orientation that is discordant with the bedding surfaces of adjacent sedimentary rocks?
What is the term for a tabular igneous pluton that occurs in an orientation that is concordant with the bedding surfaces of adjacent sedimentary rocks?
What is the term for a tabular igneous pluton that occurs in an orientation that is concordant with the bedding surfaces of adjacent sedimentary rocks?
Which of the following terms is best described as a massive pluton?
Which of the following terms is best described as a massive pluton?
Batholiths are known to form the cores of mountain ranges such as the Sierra Nevada. What is the implication of this observation?
Batholiths are known to form the cores of mountain ranges such as the Sierra Nevada. What is the implication of this observation?
While working in the field, you find a dike cutting across some sedimentary rocks. What grain size would you expect to find in this pluton?
While working in the field, you find a dike cutting across some sedimentary rocks. What grain size would you expect to find in this pluton?
When will magma rise to Earth's surface?
When will magma rise to Earth's surface?
In general, when will melted rock in the mantle rise?
In general, when will melted rock in the mantle rise?
How are felsic magmas formed?
How are felsic magmas formed?
In general, why does Earth's crust sit on top of the mantle?
In general, why does Earth's crust sit on top of the mantle?
How do mafic volcanic rocks get to Earth's surface?
How do mafic volcanic rocks get to Earth's surface?
What type of volcanism characterizes the Ring of Fire? (Select all that apply)
What type of volcanism characterizes the Ring of Fire? (Select all that apply)
What type of boundary is present along the eastern boundary of the North American plate?
What type of boundary is present along the eastern boundary of the North American plate?
At what tectonic setting is Hawaii located?
At what tectonic setting is Hawaii located?
What drives melting at divergent boundaries?
What drives melting at divergent boundaries?
Which of the following tectonic settings does NOT produce volcanism?
Which of the following tectonic settings does NOT produce volcanism?
Flashcards
Shield Volcano
Shield Volcano
A broad, gently sloped volcano formed primarily from basalt flows.
Composite Volcano
Composite Volcano
A steep-sided volcano with layers of lava and pyroclastic material.
Cinder Cone Volcano
Cinder Cone Volcano
A volcano made of pyroclastic materials that erupts once.
Volcano Classification
Volcano Classification
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Basalt Flows
Basalt Flows
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Pyroclastic Material
Pyroclastic Material
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Pahoehoe Lava
Pahoehoe Lava
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Rhyolitic Lava
Rhyolitic Lava
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Volcanic Bombs
Volcanic Bombs
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Subduction Zone
Subduction Zone
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Oceanic Hot Spot
Oceanic Hot Spot
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Dike
Dike
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Sill
Sill
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Batholith
Batholith
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Magma Density
Magma Density
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Felsic Magma
Felsic Magma
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Divergent Boundary
Divergent Boundary
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Convergent Boundary
Convergent Boundary
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Transform Boundary
Transform Boundary
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Decompression Melting
Decompression Melting
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Mantle Melting
Mantle Melting
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Study Notes
Types of Volcanoes
- Shield volcanoes are characterized by broad, gently sloping sides and are primarily composed of basalt flows.
- Composite volcanoes feature steep sides with alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic deposits.
- Cinder cone volcanoes are comprised of pyroclastic deposits and generally erupt once.
Volcano Classification
- Geologists classify volcanoes by examining their shape and the types of deposits they produce.
Lava Composition and Eruptions
- Cinder cones consist of pyroclastic materials and typically erupt only one time.
- Shield volcanoes are constructed from fluid basalt flows, contributing to their wider shape compared to composite volcanoes.
- Composite volcanoes are made of both basalt flows and pyroclastic materials.
Volcano Height and Structure
- Shield volcanoes can reach heights between 300 to 10,000 meters, making them some of the tallest types of volcanoes.
- Dome complexes generally range in height from 500 to 2,000 meters.
Lava Types and Characteristics
- Pahoehoe lava forms from basaltic flows, resulting in smooth, ropy textures.
- Rhyolitic lava contains the highest percentage of gases and is associated with significant pyroclastic material production.
Volcanic Ejecta
- Pyroclastic material ejected during eruptions includes "bombs," which are larger than 64 mm in diameter.
- Water vapor is the most common gas found in basaltic lavas.
Tectonic Settings and Volcanism
- High volumes of pyroclastic material are typically found at subduction zones, where an oceanic plate is forced under a continental plate.
- Oceanic hot spots, like Hawaii, produce fluid, high-temperature lava.
Cascade Range and Yellowstone
- The Cascade Range features cone-shaped volcanoes with layers of lava and pyroclastic materials.
- The formation of the Cascade Mountains involves rising magma, partial melting due to water, and surface eruptions.
- Yellowstone National Park exhibits signs of a magma chamber beneath it, such as rising ground, welded tuff, and geysers.
Different Plutons
- A dike is a tabular igneous pluton that cuts across sedimentary rock layers, while a sill runs parallel to bedding surfaces.
- Batholiths are massive plutons found in mountain ranges, indicating past uplift and erosion.
Magma Behavior
- Magma rises when it is less dense than surrounding rock, and mantle melting often causes this process.
- Felsic magmas form when heat from the mantle melts parts of the lower crust, allowing them to rise.
Tectonic Analyses
- The eastern boundary of the North American plate is a divergent oceanic-oceanic boundary.
- Volcanism occurs along convergent boundaries (both oceanic-continental and oceanic-oceanic) and not along transform boundaries.
- Decompression melting drives the melting process at divergent boundaries.
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Description
Test your knowledge of volcano types and classifications with this Geology homework quiz. Explore the characteristics of shield volcanoes, composite volcanoes, and cinder cones, as well as how geologists differentiate between them. Perfect for reinforcing essential concepts in volcanic geology.
