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Questions and Answers
What generates waves in a tsunami triggered by a volcanic eruption?
What generates waves in a tsunami triggered by a volcanic eruption?
Which climate type is characterized by narrow annual temperature range and mild weather?
Which climate type is characterized by narrow annual temperature range and mild weather?
What process is responsible for creating unique landforms as glaciers move across landscapes?
What process is responsible for creating unique landforms as glaciers move across landscapes?
Which type of rock forms from the cooling of magma on the Earth's surface?
Which type of rock forms from the cooling of magma on the Earth's surface?
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Which of the following best describes weathering?
Which of the following best describes weathering?
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What type of soil develops primarily where leaching is the dominant process?
What type of soil develops primarily where leaching is the dominant process?
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What defines the process of deposition in geological terms?
What defines the process of deposition in geological terms?
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What do sedimentary rocks form from?
What do sedimentary rocks form from?
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What describes the function of Latitude?
What describes the function of Latitude?
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Which of the following is true about the International Date Line?
Which of the following is true about the International Date Line?
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What is NOT a requirement for a territory to be recognized as a country?
What is NOT a requirement for a territory to be recognized as a country?
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What is represented by the Compass Rose on a map?
What is represented by the Compass Rose on a map?
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What does the term sovereignty imply for a country?
What does the term sovereignty imply for a country?
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How are time zones around the world determined?
How are time zones around the world determined?
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Which of the following statements about a country's economic activity is correct?
Which of the following statements about a country's economic activity is correct?
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Which aspect is crucial for a territory to gain international recognition as a country?
Which aspect is crucial for a territory to gain international recognition as a country?
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What percentage of the earth’s volcanoes are located in the Ring of Fire?
What percentage of the earth’s volcanoes are located in the Ring of Fire?
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Which type of rock is formed from magma cooling underground?
Which type of rock is formed from magma cooling underground?
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What is the main reason fossils are found in sedimentary rock?
What is the main reason fossils are found in sedimentary rock?
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What is a characteristic of the Canadian Shield regarding its rock type?
What is a characteristic of the Canadian Shield regarding its rock type?
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What geological feature is created by the movement of the earth's plates?
What geological feature is created by the movement of the earth's plates?
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Which landform is associated with sedimentary rock?
Which landform is associated with sedimentary rock?
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How often is a catastrophic earthquake estimated to occur in the Ring of Fire?
How often is a catastrophic earthquake estimated to occur in the Ring of Fire?
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Which type of rock can be formed through time, heat, and pressure?
Which type of rock can be formed through time, heat, and pressure?
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Why is Taiwan considered a non-member and non-country in the eyes of the UN?
Why is Taiwan considered a non-member and non-country in the eyes of the UN?
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What are the regions listed that are not considered independent countries?
What are the regions listed that are not considered independent countries?
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How is Vladimir Putin justifying Russia's invasion of Ukraine?
How is Vladimir Putin justifying Russia's invasion of Ukraine?
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What is the significance of the 23.5-degree tilt of the Earth's axis?
What is the significance of the 23.5-degree tilt of the Earth's axis?
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Which latitude line represents the location of direct sunlight during the summer solstice?
Which latitude line represents the location of direct sunlight during the summer solstice?
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What is the purpose of the Prime Meridian?
What is the purpose of the Prime Meridian?
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What occurs on the equinoxes?
What occurs on the equinoxes?
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Why are the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn located at approximately 23.5 degrees north and south?
Why are the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn located at approximately 23.5 degrees north and south?
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What occurs when the number of deaths exceeds the number of births?
What occurs when the number of deaths exceeds the number of births?
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How is net migration calculated?
How is net migration calculated?
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If the immigration rate in a country is 8/1000 and the emigration rate is 5/1000, what is the net migration?
If the immigration rate in a country is 8/1000 and the emigration rate is 5/1000, what is the net migration?
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Which of the following groups typically contributes to the dependency load?
Which of the following groups typically contributes to the dependency load?
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What is a requirement for immigrants in the skilled trades class?
What is a requirement for immigrants in the skilled trades class?
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Which immigration class accepts individuals who have previously worked in Canada under a temporary program?
Which immigration class accepts individuals who have previously worked in Canada under a temporary program?
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What is the formula for calculating the population growth rate?
What is the formula for calculating the population growth rate?
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Which of these occupations is considered in the skilled worker class for immigration to Canada?
Which of these occupations is considered in the skilled worker class for immigration to Canada?
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What is typically considered the replacement rate for a population?
What is typically considered the replacement rate for a population?
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Which of the following best defines a demographic trap?
Which of the following best defines a demographic trap?
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In which phase of the Demographic Transition Model does the birth rate remain high while the death rate declines dramatically?
In which phase of the Demographic Transition Model does the birth rate remain high while the death rate declines dramatically?
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What characterizes a fragile state?
What characterizes a fragile state?
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Which of the following countries is most likely in the early transition stage?
Which of the following countries is most likely in the early transition stage?
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What is a primary strategy for alleviating extreme poverty?
What is a primary strategy for alleviating extreme poverty?
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What stage of the Demographic Transition Model is the majority of the developing world currently in?
What stage of the Demographic Transition Model is the majority of the developing world currently in?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the post-transition stage?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the post-transition stage?
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Study Notes
Mapping
- Compass Bearing is the direction a compass points
- Compass Rose has the four cardinal directions (N, E, S, W) and parts in between
- Latitude measures angular distance north or south of the equator, expressed in degrees and minutes
- Equator is 0° latitude
- Longitude measures angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian
- Prime Meridian runs through Greenwich, England, and is 0° longitude
- 360 degrees of longitude around the Earth
- 24 hours in a day
- Each 15-degree longitude zone represents 1 hour time difference from Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
- International Date Line is roughly at 180° longitude, zig-zagging to follow countries
- Time zones follow national boundaries
What makes a Country?
- Internationally recognized boundaries
- Permanent population
- Organized economy
- Regulates trade and issues currency
- Government providing public services (education, police, transportation)
- Ability to make international agreements
- Sovereignty—no other country has power over the territory
- External recognition by other countries
Other Countries and Regions
- Palestine and Taiwan are not fully recognized by all countries as independent countries
- Scotland and Wales are part of the United Kingdom
- Greenland is part of Denmark
- Puerto Rico is part of the United States
- Antarctica has several countries claiming parts of it
Population Density
- Population density is the average number of people living in a particular area
- It is calculated by dividing the population by the area
- Often expressed as people per square kilometre
Latitude and Longitude
- Latitude measures north-south position from the equator
- Longitude measures east-west position from the Prime Meridian
- Important lines are equator, tropic of cancer, tropic of capricorn, Arctic circle, Antarctica circle, and the Prime Meridian
- 23.5 degree tilt of earth causes direct sunlight on arctic and antarctic circles
- June 21 summer solstice, Sept. 21 equinox, Dec. 21 winter solstice, March 21 equinox
Canada's Population Pattern
- Population density varies across Canada
- Main factors influencing population distribution include climate, landforms, resources, economy, freshwater, and transportation
- Southern areas are more densely populated
Types of Rock
- Igneous rocks form from cooled magma
- Metamorphic rocks form from heat and pressure changes on other types of rocks
- Sedimentary rocks form from eroded pieces of material
- Types and locations of rocks in Canada affect resources found
Plate Tectonics
- Earth's surface is made of plates
- Movement of these plates causes earthquakes, volcanoes, and other natural disasters
- The Ring of Fire is a string of volcanoes and earthquake sites along the Pacific Ocean, with 75% of all active volcanoes on Earth
Rock Cycle
- Igneous rocks can become sedimentary, which can become metamorphic, and any of the three can become igneous again through heat, pressure and time
Canada's Landforms and Resources
- Different Canadian landforms have different types of rock, and this determines the resources in these areas.
- Examples include Appalachian Mountains (sedimentary—coal, fish, minerals, copper, zinc, potash, salt, asbestos), Canadian Shield (igneous—nickel, gold, silver, copper), Hudson Bay (sedimentary—metals, copper, zinc), Arctic Lowlands (oil, natural gas, minerals), Western Cordillera (igneous—gold, copper, iron, lead, zinc), Interior Plains (sedimentary/metamorphic—oil, natural gas, coal, forests, farmland), St. Lawrence Lowlands
Climate
- Maritime climates are near water and have mild temperatures
- Continental climates are far from water and have more extreme temperatures.
- Factors influencing climate: latitude, ocean currents, wind, elevation, and near water
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Description
This quiz covers a range of topics in geography, including the processes that create landforms, the characteristics of different climates, and the fundamentals of how time zones operate. Test your knowledge on volcanic eruptions, soil formation, weathering, and the essence of sovereignty in nations.
