Geography of Assam, India

Study Notes

Location and Area

Located in northeastern India.
Bordered by the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, and West Bengal.
Shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh.
Total area: Approximately 78,438 square kilometers.

Topography

Characterized by diverse landscapes including hills, plains, and valleys.
The Brahmaputra River is a major geographical feature flowing through the state.
Notable hill ranges: Khasi, Jaintia, and Karbi Anglong hills.
Low-lying regions known as the Brahmaputra valley are fertile and suitable for agriculture.

Climate

Tropical monsoon climate.
Distinct wet and dry seasons, with heavy rainfall from June to September.
Average annual temperature ranges from 15°C to 35°C.

Natural Resources

Rich biodiversity including national parks and wildlife sanctuaries (e.g., Kaziranga National Park).
Significant reserves of oil and natural gas.
Fertile alluvial soil supports diverse agriculture.

Biodiversity

Home to unique flora and fauna including the one-horned rhinoceros and various species of elephants.
Important ecosystems include wetlands and grasslands.
Conservation efforts are in place for endangered species.

Rivers

Major rivers: Brahmaputra, Barak, and their tributaries.
The rivers play a crucial role in irrigation, transportation, and hydropower generation.

Agriculture

Known for tea production, particularly Assam tea.
Major crops: rice, jute, mustard, and various fruits.
Agriculture is a primary occupation for the majority of the population.

Cultural Diversity

Home to various ethnic groups and communities.
Each group contributes to the rich cultural tapestry, impacting the geography through traditional agricultural practices and land use.

Transportation

Well-connected by road, rail, and air.
National highways and state highways facilitate transport within the state and beyond.
Guwahati serves as the largest city and a major transportation hub.

Environmental Issues

Flooding during monsoon seasons affecting agriculture and settlements.
Deforestation and wildlife habitat loss due to urbanization and agriculture.
Pollution in rivers impacting biodiversity and local communities.

Location and Area

Located in northeastern India, bordering Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura, West Bengal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.
Spreads across approximately 78,438 square kilometers.

Topography

Characterized by a mix of hills, plains, and valleys.
Home to the Brahmaputra River, flowing through the state.
Features prominent hill ranges including Khasi, Jaintia, and Karbi Anglong hills.
The Brahmaputra valley, a low-lying area, is fertile and supports agriculture.

Climate

A tropical monsoon climate with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Heavy rainfall occurs from June to September.
Average annual temperature ranges from 15°C to 35°C.

Natural Resources

Rich biodiversity, with national parks and wildlife sanctuaries like Kaziranga National Park.
Significant deposits of oil and natural gas.
Fertile alluvial soil supporting diverse agriculture.

Biodiversity

Home to unique flora and fauna including the one-horned rhinoceros and multiple elephant species.
Important ecosystems encompass wetlands and grasslands.
Conservation initiatives are in place to protect endangered species.

Rivers

Major rivers include the Brahmaputra, Barak, and their tributaries.
These rivers play a vital role in irrigation, transportation, and hydropower generation.

Agriculture

Known for tea production, particularly Assam tea.
Major crops include rice, jute, mustard, and various fruits.
Agriculture is a primary occupation for a majority of the population.

Cultural Diversity

Home to a diverse range of ethnic groups and communities.
Each group contributes to the rich cultural tapestry, influencing geographical features through traditional agricultural practices and land use.

Transportation

Well-connected by road, rail, and air.
National and state highways facilitate transport within and beyond the state.
Guwahati serves as the largest city and a major transportation hub.

Environmental Issues

Flooding during monsoon seasons impacting agriculture and settlements.
Deforestation and wildlife habitat loss due to urbanization and agriculture.
Pollution in rivers affecting biodiversity and local communities.

Description

Explore the diverse geography, climate, and natural resources of Assam, located in northeastern India. This quiz covers key features such as topography, climatic conditions, and significant landscapes including hills and valleys. Perfect for anyone looking to learn more about this rich and vibrant state.