Podcast
Questions and Answers
Cancer results from genetic changes that affect the immune system
Cancer results from genetic changes that affect the immune system
False
Tumor viruses can cause cancer in humans
Tumor viruses can cause cancer in humans
True
Oncogenes are genes responsible for normal cell growth and division
Oncogenes are genes responsible for normal cell growth and division
False
Mutations in the ras proto-oncogene can lead to production of a hyperactive Ras protein and decreased cell division
Mutations in the ras proto-oncogene can lead to production of a hyperactive Ras protein and decreased cell division
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Tumor-suppressor genes promote uncontrolled cell growth
Tumor-suppressor genes promote uncontrolled cell growth
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Mutations that increase the protein products of tumor-suppressor genes may contribute to cancer onset
Mutations that increase the protein products of tumor-suppressor genes may contribute to cancer onset
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The p53 tumor-suppressor gene prevents a cell from passing on mutations due to DNA damage
The p53 tumor-suppressor gene prevents a cell from passing on mutations due to DNA damage
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Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by deletion of DNA within the genome
Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by deletion of DNA within the genome
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Study Notes
Cancer and Cell Cycle Control
- Cancer results from genetic changes that affect cell cycle control
- Gene regulation systems involved in embryonic development are the same ones that go wrong during cancer
Types of Genes Associated with Cancer
- Cancer can be caused by mutations in genes that regulate cell growth and division
- Tumor viruses can cause cancer in animals, including humans
Oncogenes and Proto-Oncogenes
- Oncogenes are cancer-causing genes
- Proto-oncogenes are normal cellular genes responsible for normal cell growth and division
- Conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene can lead to abnormal stimulation of the cell cycle
- Proto-oncogenes can be converted to oncogenes by:
- Movement of DNA within the genome
- Amplification of a proto-oncogene
- Point mutations in the proto-oncogene or its control elements
Tumor-Suppressor Genes
- Tumor-suppressor genes help prevent uncontrolled cell growth
- Mutations that decrease protein products of tumor-suppressor genes may contribute to cancer onset
- Tumor-suppressor proteins:
- Repair damaged DNA
- Control cell adhesion
- Inhibit the cell cycle in the cell-signaling pathway
Interference with Normal Cell-Signaling Pathways
- Mutations in the ras proto-oncogene and p53 tumor-suppressor gene are common in human cancers
- Mutations in the ras gene can lead to production of a hyperactive Ras protein and increased cell division
- Suppression of the cell cycle can be important in the case of damage to a cell's DNA; p53 prevents a cell from passing on mutations
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Description
This quiz covers the regulation of gene expression in relation to cancer. Learn how genetic changes affect cell cycle control and the similarities with embryonic development. Types of genes associated with cancer are also explored.
