Cancer Genetics and Genomics I
30 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Which functional class of genes is involved in regulating proliferation, differentiation, DNA repair, and cell survival?

  • DNA Repair Genes
  • Proto-oncogenes and Oncogenes (correct)
  • Apoptosis Genes
  • Tumor Suppressor Genes

    • What type of gene alteration occurs after conception and is not present in the germline?

  • Acquired or Somatic (correct)
  • Germline
  • Proto-oncogenes and Oncogenes
  • Tumor Suppressor Genes

    • Which type of variant directly contributes to the development of disease?

  • Likely Benign
  • Uncertain Significance
  • Likely Pathogenic
  • Pathogenic (correct)

    • What type of variant is expected to have a major effect on disease?

    <p>Pathogenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of variant does not cause disease?

    <p>Benign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of neoplastic cells?

    <p>Tumor cells can't divide indefinitely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a classification for somatic variants?

    <p>Uncertain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between driver mutations and passenger mutations?

    <p>Driver mutations are involved in the development or progression of cancer, while passenger mutations do not contribute to cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of in silico prediction algorithms in determining functional changes in proteins?

    <p>To predict if a nucleotide change will change the structure and function of the protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two classifications for functional mutations?

    <p>Gain of Function and Loss of Function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation is considered dominant because just one copy of a proto-oncogene turned oncogene can produce a transformed phenotype?

    <p>Activating mutation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of tumor suppressor genes in normal cells?

    <p>Inhibit cellular proliferation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is normally involved in the activation of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway?

    <p>BRAF gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when an activating variant is present in the BRAF gene?

    <p>Cell undergoes oncogenic transformation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the p16INK4a protein in normal cells?

    <p>Inhibit CDK4 and CDK6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene product inhibits the formation of cyclin-CDK complexes and prevents RB phosphorylation and release of E2F proteins?

    <p>p21</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is downregulated by p53 if DNA repair is successful?

    <p>mdm2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gene is activated by p53 if DNA repair is not successful?

    <p>bax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mutation in the MET gene leads to impaired receptor degradation and oncogenic transformation in lung cancer?

    <p>Exon 14 Skipping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which oncogene is encoded by the Human ERBB2 gene and is amplified in 15-30% of breast cancers?

    <p>HER2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of alteration in genotype associated with malignant transformation?

    <p>Apoptosis Genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a trademark of cancer?

    <p>DNA Damage Repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the Human Genome Project?

    <p>Impact on Human Genetics and Genomics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which book would be the most relevant for understanding the genetic basis of cancer?

    <p>Genetics in Medicine, 8th Ed, 2016</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Bishop and Weinberg (1996), what are the two classes of cancer genes?

    <p>Proto-oncogenes and Tumor Suppressor Genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about oncogene addiction?

    <p>It is a phenomenon where the survival and growth of a cancer cell is dependent on an activated oncogene or the inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the Human Genome Project?

    <p>It was an international effort to sequence all 3 billion nucleotide base pairs in the human genome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the human genome accounts for the coding portion?

    <p>1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of the completion of the human genome on research into disease mechanisms?

    <p>It has helped accelerate research into the mechanisms underlying disease.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the additional hallmarks of cancer added after 10 years of research?

    <p>Genomic instability and mutation, tumor-promoting inflammation, avoiding immune destruction, and de-regulating cellular energetics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser