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Genetics: Understanding Dominance and Alleles

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Genetics: Understanding Dominance and Alleles

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a gene?

To contain the information to express a particular trait (correct)

To transform a substrate into a product

To modify the information of another allele

To produce a dominant allele

What is the result of a modified allele producing a non-functional enzyme or no enzyme?

There is no effect on the phenotype

The phenotype is dependent on the unmodified allele (correct)

The phenotype is dependent on the modified allele

The phenotype is a combination of both alleles

Why do some alleles become recessive?

Because they produce a more efficient enzyme

Because they are not modified at all

Because they are modified to produce a non-functional enzyme (correct)

Because they are identical to the other allele

What is the relationship between the two alleles in a heterozygote?

They may be identical or different Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the dominant allele?

It represents the original phenotype Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a modified allele is equivalent to the unmodified allele?

The phenotype is not affected Signup and view all the answers

Why is the unmodified allele considered dominant?

Because it represents the original phenotype Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a diploid organism having two copies of a gene?

The two alleles may be identical or different Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Understanding Dominance

A gene contains the information to express a particular trait, and in a diploid organism, there are two copies of each gene, known as alleles.
These two alleles may not always be identical, as in a heterozygote, where one allele may be different due to changes that modify the information it contains.
An allele can be modified to produce a normal or less efficient enzyme, a non-functional enzyme, or no enzyme at all.
If the modified allele produces a normal or less efficient enzyme, it is equivalent to the unmodified allele and produces the same phenotype.
However, if the modified allele produces a non-functional enzyme or no enzyme, the phenotype may be affected, and the trait will only be dependent on the functioning of the unmodified allele.

Dominant and Recessive Alleles

The unmodified allele, which represents the original phenotype, is the dominant allele.
The modified allele, which produces a non-functional enzyme or no enzyme, is generally the recessive allele.
The recessive trait is seen due to the non-functional enzyme or lack of enzyme production.

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Description

Learn about the concept of dominance, how alleles interact, and what determines their dominant or recessive behavior. Understand the role of genes in expressing traits and how heterozygotes affect genetic expression.