Genetics: Mutations and Sickle Cell Anaemia

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Match the following types of mutations with their descriptions:

Mutations caused by viruses = Replace the existing DNA or replace sections of DNA, changing or mutating the cell Mutations caused by natural mistakes in DNA replication = Occur as natural mistakes in DNA replication during interphase Mutations caused by natural sources of radiation = Include that from the Sun and radioactive material in rocks Mutations caused by genetic modification = Are not naturally occurring, except for genetically modified organisms

Match the following types of mutagens with their examples:

Naturally occurring mutagens = Carbon monoxide and heavy metals Naturally occurring radiation = Sun and radioactive material in rocks Biological mutagens = Genetically modified organisms Chemical mutagens = Uranium and thorium

Match the following types of DNA repair with their descriptions:

Proof-reading = Operate during DNA replication to repair copying errors Continuous repair = Operate continuously to repair spontaneous damage to the DNA DNA replication = Occur as natural mistakes in DNA replication during interphase Gene mutation = Occur when the repair system fails to work properly

Match the following types of biological agents with their characteristics:

Naturally occurring biological agents = Practically all biological agents, except for genetically modified organisms Genetically modified organisms = Are not naturally occurring biological agents Biological mutagens = Include viruses and bacteria DNA repair enzymes = Are responsible for repairing damaged DNA Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of DNA damage with their repair mechanisms:

Damage to DNA during replication = Proof-reading during DNA replication Spontaneous damage to DNA = Continuous repair to repair spontaneous damage DNA damage caused by viruses = Replace the damaged section of DNA DNA damage caused by radiation = Add the missing bases to repair DNA Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of genes with their functions:

Genes responsible for repairing damaged DNA = Operate during DNA replication or continuously to repair DNA Genes responsible for proof-reading = Operate during DNA replication to repair copying errors Genes responsible for continuous repair = Operate continuously to repair spontaneous damage to the DNA Genes responsible for gene mutation = Occur when the repair system fails to work properly Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of radiation with their sources:

Natural sources of radiation = Sun and radioactive material in rocks Artificial sources of radiation = Genetically modified organisms Ultraviolet radiation = Carbon monoxide and heavy metals Ionizing radiation = Incomplete combustion such as fires Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of mutagens with their effects:

Natural chemical mutagens = Cause mutations by altering DNA structure Naturally occurring radiation = Cause mutations by altering DNA structure Biological mutagens = Replace the existing DNA or replace sections of DNA Genetically modified organisms = Are not naturally occurring mutagens Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of DNA repair mechanisms with their steps:

Proof-reading = 1. Remove the damaged section of DNA, 2. Add the missing bases, 3. Repair the DNA Continuous repair = 1. Remove the damaged section of DNA, 2. Add the missing bases, 3. Repair the DNA DNA replication = Occur as natural mistakes in DNA replication during interphase Gene mutation = Occur when the repair system fails to work properly Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of mutations with their causes:

Mutations caused by viruses = Replace the existing DNA or replace sections of DNA Mutations caused by natural mistakes in DNA replication = Occur as natural mistakes in DNA replication during interphase Mutations caused by radiation = Include that from the Sun and radioactive material in rocks Mutations caused by genetic modification = Are not naturally occurring, except for genetically modified organisms Signup and view all the answers