Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA cloning?
Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA cloning?
What is a vector in genetic engineering?
What is a vector in genetic engineering?
What is the purpose of using restriction endonucleases in DNA cloning?
What is the purpose of using restriction endonucleases in DNA cloning?
What is the scientific name of the bacterium from which the EcoRI restriction enzyme was originally isolated?
What is the scientific name of the bacterium from which the EcoRI restriction enzyme was originally isolated?
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What does the process of recombinant DNA involve?
What does the process of recombinant DNA involve?
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Flashcards
Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering
The direct modification of an organism's genome to alter traits.
DNA Cloning Steps
DNA Cloning Steps
Processes to duplicate specific DNA sequences for research or applications.
Vector in Cloning
Vector in Cloning
A vehicle, such as a plasmid, used to transfer a gene into a host cell.
Recombinant DNA
Recombinant DNA
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EcoRI
EcoRI
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Study Notes
Genetics (Lecture)
- Genetic engineering is the direct alteration of an organism's genome (its collection of genes).
- This alteration is done to imbue desired traits in the organism.
- The genome is stored in the DNA, a molecule containing specific genes.
Genetic Engineering
- Genetic engineering involves modifying an organism's DNA to induce specific traits.
- Modifying the genome provides desirable properties to different organisms.
Steps in DNA Cloning
- Isolate DNA of interest: Identify target genes within a DNA sample.
- Cut DNA with restriction endonucleases: Using enzymes to precisely cut the DNA.
- Combine target and vector DNA: Join the target DNA segment with a vector (like a plasmid or a virus). This allows transfer of the gene to a host cell.
- DNA Ligase: An enzyme joining the DNA segments together.
Vectors in DNA Cloning
- Vectors are used to carry the gene into a host cell.
- Plasmids or viruses can serve as vectors.
- A plasmid is a circular DNA segment in bacteria.
Recombinant DNA
- Recombinant DNA is created by combining DNA from different organisms.
- This is crucial for genetic engineering to transfer genes between organisms.
Recombinant Bacteria
- Steps to create recombinant bacteria:
- Remove the bacterial DNA (plasmid).
- Cut bacterial DNA using restriction enzymes.
- Cut the target DNA from another organism using restriction enzymes.
- Combine the cut DNA pieces using an enzyme and insert into bacteria.
- Reproduce the recombinant bacteria.
- The foreign genes will express in the bacteria.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts in genetic engineering, including the direct alteration of an organism's genome, steps in DNA cloning, and the role of vectors in gene transfer. Test your understanding of the foundational principles and techniques used in genetic engineering and DNA manipulation.
