Genetics Lecture 1: Basic Components of Genetics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which process reduces the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid?

  • Fertilization
  • Mitosis
  • Meiosis (correct)
  • Replication
  • What is the term used to describe the genetic information that is transmitted from parents to their offspring?

  • Alleles
  • Chromosomes
  • Genes (correct)
  • Traits
  • In humans, what is the haploid number of chromosomes?

  • 56
  • 46
  • 23 (correct)
  • 12
  • What is the term used to describe a gene pair where the two alleles are different?

    <p>Heterozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event occurs during meiosis I?

    <p>Crossing over</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a cell with two sets of chromosomes?

    <p>Diploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the fusion of a sperm cell and an ovum?

    <p>Fertilization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of chromosomes found in a human somatic (body) cell?

    <p>46</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does mitosis do to the number of chromosome sets?

    <p>Does not change it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of chromosome determines the biological sex of a human individual?

    <p>Both X and Y chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell has only one set of chromosomes?

    <p>Haploid cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many copies of each gene does a human have?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the diploid number of chromosomes in a domestic dog?

    <p>78</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring called?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the traits of an organism?

    <p>Genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the different versions of the same gene called?

    <p>Alleles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chromosome number in somatic (body) cells?

    <p>Diploid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

    <p>Prophase I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an individual's genotype is TT, what will their phenotype be for the thumb trait?

    <p>Straight thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the physical appearance resulting from an organism's genetic makeup?

    <p>Phenotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a parent has the genotype AaBb, how many different types of gametes can they produce?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a gene pair where both alleles are the same?

    <p>Homozygous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between genes and DNA?

    <p>Genes are made up of DNA molecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the field of genetics?

    <p>The study of how traits are passed down from parents to offspring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does genetics provide in living organisms?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the basic unit of heredity that carries genetic information?

    <p>DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a basic component of genetics?

    <p>Proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an individual's genotype is Bb, what is the probability of them producing a gamete with the dominant allele B?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the passing of traits from parents to their offspring?

    <p>Heredity</p> Signup and view all the answers

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