Genetics History and Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the branch of biology concerned with the study of biological traits and variation?

  • Genome sequencing
  • Evolutionary processes
  • Cell nucleus division
  • Inheritance of biological traits (correct)

Which of the following traits is an example of a monogenic trait?

  • Cystic fibrosis in humans (correct)
  • Eye color in humans
  • Flower scent in roses
  • Height in humans

What is the term for the study of how genes behave in large numbers of individual organisms?

  • Evolutionary theory
  • Microevolution
  • Population genetics (correct)
  • Genome sequencing

What is the term for the process of reconstructing evolutionary relationships between populations and species through DNA analysis?

<p>Phylogenetics (A)</p>
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Which of the following is an implication of understanding genetics for agriculture?

<p>Improved crop yields (D)</p>
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What is the term for the study of how genes and genetic variation within populations can change over time?

<p>Microevolution (C)</p>
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What is the term for the process of natural selection that occurs through human-mediated evolutionary processes?

<p>Artificial selection (D)</p>
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What is the term for the branch of biology concerned with the study of the evolution of species over time?

<p>Evolutionary theory (B)</p>
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What is the term for a unit of heredity that carries information controlling a biological trait?

<p>Gene (D)</p>
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What is the term for the study of the structure and organization of genetic material within cells?

<p>Chromosome structure (A)</p>
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What is the primary level of organization of genetic material in the study of genetics?

<p>Chromosome (C)</p>
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What is the term for the complete set of genetic information contained within an organism's genetic material?

<p>Genome (D)</p>
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What is the term for the study of the structure and organization of genetic material at the level of the chromosome?

<p>Cytogenetics (D)</p>
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What is the term for the number of sets of chromosomes present in an organism's cells?

<p>Ploidy (B)</p>
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What is the term for the reproductive cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell?

<p>Gametes (A)</p>
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a gene?

<p>Is a discrete unit of heredity (B)</p>
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What is the term for the process of reconstructing evolutionary relationships between populations and species?

<p>Phylogenetics (D)</p>
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What is the term for the study of how genes and genetic variation within populations can change over time?

<p>Microevolution (A)</p>
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Which of the following is an example of a trait that is controlled by a single gene?

<p>Flower colour in pea plants (D)</p>
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What is the term for the study of the inheritance of biological traits and variation in biological traits?

<p>Genetics (C)</p>
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