29 Questions
What is a characteristic of genetic material according to H.J. Miller?
Can duplicate itself with extra fidelity
What type of protein is associated with chromosomes?
Basic proteins
What is the function of genetic material in relation to mutation?
It duplicates mutation faithfully
What is the chemical composition of chromosomes?
Lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
What is the reported error rate of genetic material duplication?
One or less per million copies
Which nitrogenous base is not found in DNA?
Uracil
What is the sugar component of DNA?
2-deoxy-D-ribose
What is the distance between each nucleotide in DNA?
0.34 nm
What is the diameter of the DNA molecule?
2 nm
What is the term for the process where the two strands of DNA separate and each functions as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand?
Semiconservative Model
What is the feature of DNA where adenine always pairs with thymine and guanine always pairs with cytosine?
Specific pairing
What is the primary function of the lac operon?
To facilitate the utilization of lactose as a source of energy
What is the role of the repressor protein in the lac operon?
To repress the transcription of the structural genes
What is the function of beta-galactosidase in the lac operon?
To split lactose into glucose and galactose
What is the role of the promoter in the lac operon?
To initiate the transcription of the structural genes
What is the inducer of the lac operon?
Allolactose
What type of gene regulation does the lac operon exhibit?
Inducible gene regulation
What is the termination product of the replication process?
Two identical DNA molecules
What is the significance of DNA replication in terms of biological information?
To transmit genetic information from one generation to the next
What is the function of the primosome in the replication process?
To unwind the DNA double helix and synthesize primers
What is the mechanism of repair of thymine dimers in DNA?
N glycosidase activity
How is the prokaryotic chromosome organized?
Into about 10 independent domains, each with multiple loops of DNA
How long is the DNA in a diploid human cell?
6 ft
Which part of the Trp Operon binds to RNA polymerase?
Promoter (P)
What is the role of the attenuator region in the Trp Operon?
It terminates transcription in the absence of tryptophan
In the Trp Operon, which genes are responsible for tryptophan biosynthesis?
trpE, trpD, trpC, trpB, and trpA
According to the Davidson-Britten Model, how are related genes in eukaryotes regulated?
On an individual basis, rather than on a group basis
What is the function of the regulator gene (trpR) in the Trp Operon?
It produces an inactive repressor
What is unique about the composition of chromatin in eukaryotes, according to the Davidson-Britten Model?
It contains a high concentration of heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA)
Test your knowledge on the composition of chromosomes, including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, as well as the characteristics of genetic material according to Hermann Joseph Miller. Learn about the chemical composition of chromosomes and the properties of genetic material.
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