Genetics and Speciation in Cats

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Questions and Answers

What is the expected frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype (bb) in a population of 1000 cats where 160 are white?

  • 0.06
  • 0.16 (correct)
  • 0.84
  • 0.4

What is hybrid sterility characterized by?

  • Hybrid offspring produce functional gametes
  • Hybrid offspring are always inviable
  • All hybrids experience successful reproduction
  • Hybrid offspring cannot produce functional gametes (correct)

Which factor could most likely explain a discrepancy between predicted and observed genotype frequencies in cats?

  • Increased overall size of the population
  • Increased production of gametes
  • Higher mutation rates in dominant alleles
  • Greater immigration or survivorship (correct)

Which prezygotic barrier is described as reducing gene flow between subpopulations?

<p>Habitat differentiation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the frequency of the recessive allele (q) is 0.4, what is the frequency of the dominant allele (p)?

<p>0.6 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of fossil records?

<p>Geological processes can alter or destroy fossils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the phenomenon of gene flow?

<p>The migration of individuals or their gametes between populations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the principle of stratigraphy used for?

<p>Understanding the sequence of sedimentary layers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mating is likely to increase the frequency of unusual traits within a population?

<p>Non-random mating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about mutations is accurate?

<p>Mutations can create new alleles and may be harmful, neutral, or beneficial. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism is NOT a means of sympatric speciation?

<p>Geographical barriers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of radiometric dating?

<p>It uses the decay of radioactive elements to age fossils (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a population of cats, what does the frequency represented by 2pq indicate?

<p>Frequency of heterozygous individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What describes hybrid breakdown?

<p>Hybrids can produce viable offspring that are sterile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a population's white-haired cats are observed to decrease in number, which of the following could explain this change?

<p>Increased survival of dominant allele carriers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about isotopes is correct?

<p>Radioisotopes have more neutrons and are often unstable (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary role of methanogens in the environment?

<p>Produce methane from organic carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is unique to the supergroup Stramenopiles?

<p>Presence of flagella with fine hairlike projections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are diatoms considered effective CO2 sinks?

<p>Their remains sink to the ocean floor, taking decades to decompose. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about diatoms is NOT accurate?

<p>They are prokaryotic organisms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a notable environment where extremophiles can thrive?

<p>Salt lakes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group contains all eukaryotes that are not fungi, plants, or animals?

<p>Protists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of iron for diatoms in the ocean?

<p>Iron is a limiting nutrient for their growth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes the domain Archaea from bacteria?

<p>Archaea thrive in extreme environments and share traits with eukaryotes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes brown algae from true plants?

<p>They lack true tissues and organs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is true for dinoflagellates?

<p>They cause red tides due to their carotenoids. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the apex structure in apicomplexans?

<p>To penetrate host cells. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do zooxanthellae contribute to coral health?

<p>They provide photosynthetic nutrients. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pigment that gives red algae its color?

<p>Phycoerythrin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What evolutionary event led to the formation of archaeplastida?

<p>Acquisition of a cyanobacterial endosymbiont. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What consequence can algal blooms caused by dinoflagellates have on marine life?

<p>Anoxia caused by bacterial growth. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of organisms are considered unikonta?

<p>Fungi and animals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose do keratins and lipids serve in the waterproof skin of certain animals?

<p>To prevent dehydration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following adaptations is NOT characteristic of birds?

<p>Mammary glands for feeding offspring (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of mammalian heart structure?

<p>A 4-chamber heart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do monotremes nourish their young after they hatch?

<p>From lapping up milk from the mother's skin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement describes a characteristic of marsupials?

<p>Their young crawl out of the mother’s uterus and find a teat. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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