Genetics and Fruit Fly Experiments
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Questions and Answers

What principle of inheritance was demonstrated by mating a white-eyed male fruit fly with a red-eyed female?

  • All offspring had white eyes, indicating a dominant trait.
  • Each offspring had a 50% chance of acquiring either eye color.
  • The white-eye trait was recessive and passed through the male line. (correct)
  • The red-eye trait was co-dominant with the white-eye trait.

    • How did Hermann Joseph Muller contribute to the understanding of genetics?

  • He discovered the role of RNA in genetic inheritance.
  • He established the first genetic map using fruit flies.
  • He identified the first genetic mutation in plants.
  • He proved that genetic changes can be induced by X-rays. (correct)

    • What was a significant outcome of Morgan's experiments with fruit flies?

  • All traits are inherited through a single gene.
  • It was confirmed that traits are inherited independently of each other.
  • It helped verify that traits are carried by genes. (correct)
  • He proved that dominant traits cannot be masked by recessive traits.

    • Which aspect of radiation's effect on genetics was highlighted by Hermann Muller’s research?

    <p>Radiation exposure can lead to observable genetic changes over generations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the dominant eye color trait observed in Morgan's initial breeding experiments with fruit flies?

    <p>Red</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor influenced Morgan's decision to focus on fruit flies for his experiments?

    <p>Their rapid reproduction cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of Morgan's teaching position at Bryn Mawr College?

    <p>Experimental embryology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Morgan's work differ from that of Gregor Mendel?

    <p>Morgan confirmed Mendel's theories through empirical research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what year did Morgan publish his seminal text on heredity?

    <p>1915</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What recognition did Morgan achieve for his contributions to genetics?

    <p>He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which institution did Morgan join after his tenure at Bryn Mawr College?

    <p>Columbia University</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before focusing on genetics, what area of research did Morgan primarily engage in?

    <p>Experimental embryology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key concept did Gregor Mendel propose that influenced Morgan's future research?

    <p>The concept of 'particles of inheritance' that pass traits down</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of fruit flies did Thomas Hunt Morgan primarily study to demonstrate the concept of sex-linked traits?

    <p>White-eyed trait</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conclusion did Morgan make about sex-linked traits based on his experiments with fruit flies?

    <p>Certain traits must be inherited together from the sex-determining chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way did Morgan contribute to the understanding of genetic maps?

    <p>He illustrated how genes occupy specific locations on chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Morgan's work relate to Gregor Mendel's theories?

    <p>He applied Mendel's theories to animal studies, supporting their validity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the notable impacts of Morgan's research on fruit flies in the field of genetics?

    <p>It significantly advanced the study of inheritance and genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major advantage of using fruit flies in genetic experiments conducted by Morgan?

    <p>They exhibit a wide variety of traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant discovery regarding inheritance was made by Morgan?

    <p>Eye color is a sex-linked trait.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Morgan's experiments confirm about Mendel's work?

    <p>The chromosomal theory of inheritance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What critical research method did Hermann Joseph Muller use in his studies?

    <p>X-rays to induce mutations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Muller’s work with X-rays influence public knowledge?

    <p>It raised awareness about the risks of radiation exposure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterized the 'Fly Room' established by Morgan at Columbia University?

    <p>It was dedicated to studying the inheritance patterns of fruit flies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about male and female fruit flies is true?

    <p>Males have one X and one Y chromosome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What element from Morgan's experiments contributed to the understanding of gene location?

    <p>The link between specific traits and sex chromosomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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