Drosophila melanogaster: Model Organism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a distinguishing feature of female Drosophila melanogaster compared to males?

  • Females have a round abdomen.
  • Males have a pointed ovipositor.
  • Females are smaller than males.
  • Females have an abdomen that curves to a point. (correct)

    • Which physical characteristic is specific to male Drosophila melanogaster?

  • Males have alternating dark and light bands on their abdomen.
  • Males possess a pointed ovipositor.
  • Males possess a tiny tuft of hairs known as sex combs. (correct)
  • Males have a larger overall size.

    • What feature distinguishes the markings of the female Drosophila melanogaster from the male?

  • The female has a black abdominal end.
  • The female has a uniformly colored abdomen.
  • The female's abdomen has alternating dark and light bands. (correct)
  • The female shows fused abdominal segments.

    • Where are the claspers located in male Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>Just ventral to the tip of the abdomen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the size of adult female Drosophila melanogaster compare to that of males?

    <p>Females are larger than males. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason why Drosophila melanogaster is considered a popular genetic model organism?

    <p>They are suitable for genetic manipulation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many days does it take for Drosophila melanogaster to develop from fertilization to adulthood?

    <p>10 days (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical features of Drosophila facilitate easy identification under a microscope?

    <p>Size and shape of the eyes and wings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which stage does the larva of Drosophila melanogaster turn into a pupa?

    <p>After three larval stages. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the egg-laying capability of female Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>They can produce up to 1500 eggs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of the larval stage of Drosophila melanogaster?

    <p>They have black mouth hooks used for eating. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes male Drosophila melanogaster from females?

    <p>Males possess a dark bristle pattern on their abdomen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of having only four pairs of chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster compared to humans?

    <p>It allows easier mapping of genetic traits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Female Drosophila Size

    Female Drosophila melanogaster is larger than the male.

    Drosophila Abdomen Shape

    Female's abdomen curves to a point; male's abdomen is round.

    Markings on Drosophila

    Females have alternating dark and light bands; males have fused segments.

    Sex Combs in Drosophila

    Males possess tiny tufts of hairs called sex combs on their front legs.

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    External Genitalia of Drosophila

    Females have a pointed ovipositor; males have darkly pigmented claspers.

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    Drosophila melanogaster

    Common fruit fly, a model organism in genetics.

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    Short Lifespan

    Drosophila has a rapid life cycle, maturing in 10 days.

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    Cultural Requirements

    Minimal needs for space and resources to breed Drosophila.

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    Genetic Manipulation

    Allows scientists to alter Drosophila's DNA easily due to fewer chromosomes.

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    Life Cycle Stages

    Consists of embryo, larva, pupa, and adult stages.

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    Larva Stage

    Worm-like stage after hatching, has black mouth hooks for eating.

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    Pupal Stage

    Larvae turn into pupae and undergo metamorphosis in about four days.

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    Distinguishing Males and Females

    Male and female Drosophila can be identified by anatomical features like size and coloration.

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    Study Notes

    Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit Fly)

    • Classification:
      • Domain: Eukaryota
      • Kingdom: Animalia
      • Phylum: Arthropoda
      • Class: Insecta
      • Order: Diptera
      • Family: Drosophilidae
      • Genus: Drosophila
      • Species: melanogaster

    Culturing and Breeding Drosophila melanogaster

    • Culturing:
      • Drosophila are easy to culture due to their small size and minimal requirements, allowing for study in small labs with limited resources.

    • Short Lifespan:

      • Fast development cycle, allows for many generations to be studied in a short period of time
      • Female fruit flies can lay up to 1500 eggs in their lifetime
      • Embryo emerges within 24 hours of fertilization and mature into an adult in approximately 10 days.

    • Minimal Culturing Requirements:

      • Simple living needs, making them cost-effective and accessible in various laboratory settings.

    • Genetic Manipulation:

      • Relatively simple genome and small number of chromosomes (4 pairs compared to 23 pairs in humans), which allows for easier manipulation. Allows researchers to track traits more readily.

    • Anatomical features:

      • Easily observable features like eyes, wings, and body segments aid in identifying various genetic alterations or traits.

    Drosophila Life Cycle

    • Embryo: Small, oval-shaped, with two filaments at one end.
    • Larva: Worm-like; use black mouth hooks to eat. Three larval instars.
    • Pupa: Undergoes four days of metamorphosis; forms a hard, dark case.
    • Adult: Has a head, thorax, abdomen, six legs, and two wings; can live up to a month.

    Male vs Female Drosophila

    • Size: Female is typically larger than male.
    • Abdomen Shape: Female abdomen curves to a point; male abdomen is round.
    • Markings: Alternating dark and light bands on the female's abdomen; the last few segments in male abdomen are fused.
    • Sex Combs: Tiny tuft of hairs on the front legs of males.
    • External Genitalia: Female has an ovipositor that is pointed; male has claspers located ventrally, which are darkly pigmented and circular in shape.

    Phenotypes of Drosophila melanogaster

    • Wild Type: Normal or common phenotype in a population.
    • Mutant Phenotype: Traits that deviate from the wild type, arising from changes due to mutations in the wild type. Examples:
      • White eyes
      • Ebony body
      • Vestigial wings
      • Curly wings

    Breeding Methods of Drosophila melanogaster

    • Procedures and methods used to propagate and study fruit fly populations for research.

    Tools for Culturing Drosophila

    • Supplies and equipment necessary to maintain and grow Drosophila in a laboratory setting.

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    Related Documents

    Session 1: The Life Cycle of Drosophila melanogaster PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on Drosophila melanogaster, commonly known as the fruit fly, a crucial model organism in genetic research. This quiz covers topics such as classification, culturing, breeding, and the significance of this species in genetics due to its short lifespan and easy manipulation.

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