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Genetics and Chromosome Engineering Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of meiosis?

To produce four diploid cells
To replicate DNA for growth and repair
To create genetic variability through crossing over and random chromosome distribution (correct)
To produce four haploid cells

What contributes to genetic variation during meiosis?

Crossing over and random distribution of maternal and paternal chromosomes (correct)
The separation of sister chromatids
The replication of DNA
Mitotic division of cells

What is the function of telomeres in DNA replication?

To maintain chromosome stability and prevent degradation (correct)
To promote genetic variation
To facilitate the exchange of genetic material during meiosis
To provide a site for RNA polymerase binding

Who were the first scientists to accurately describe the complex, double-helical structure of DNA?

James Dewey Watson and Francis Harry Compton Crick (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which scientist(s) made significant contributions to the understanding of genetic structure before Watson and Crick?

Friedrich Miescher and Phoebus Levene (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did James Dewey Watson and Francis Harry Compton Crick contribute to molecular biology?

First accurate description of DNA's complex, double-helical structure (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first director of the National Center for Human Genome Research (NCHGR)?

James D. Watson (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a physical map in the Human Genome Project?

To identify landmarks on chromosomes and order large DNA segments (C) Signup and view all the answers

When was the Human Genome Project officially started?

Oct 1, 1990 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium announce on March 31, 2022?

The completion of a human genome sequence (D) Signup and view all the answers

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