Genetics and Animal Terminology Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is Osteogenesis imperfecta and its primary characteristic?

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetic disease characterized by bones that fracture easily.

Define brachycephalic and provide an example of an animal that fits this description.

Brachycephalic refers to a short-headed structure. An example is a Bulldog.

What is the significance of the term 'opthalmo' in veterinary medicine?

'Opthalmo' refers to diseases of the eye in veterinary medicine.

Explain what a cholecystectomy is and when it might be performed.

<p>A cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder, often performed to treat gallstones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the purpose of ‘scopy’ in veterinary diagnostics.

<p>The term ‘scopy’ refers to looking inside with a camera, often used for diagnostics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the suffix 'ectomy' signify in medical terminology?

<p>The suffix 'ectomy' signifies the surgical removal of a specific body part.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does the prefix ‘nephro’ relate to, and what is an associated health issue?

<p>The prefix 'nephro' relates to the kidneys, with nephritis being a common health issue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define pyometra and its implications for female animals.

<p>Pyometra is a condition where the uterus fills with pus, often occurring in unspayed females.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'hypothermic' mean, and how is it relevant in veterinary care?

<p>Hypothermic means having a low body temperature, which can be dangerous for animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain what enterotomy entails and when it may be necessary.

<p>Enterotomy involves making a small incision in the small intestine, often required to remove foreign objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of dolichocephalic animals?

<p>Dolichocephalic animals have a long head structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe what a thoracocentesis procedure involves.

<p>Thoracocentesis is the removal of fluid from the chest using a needle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'mammography' refer to in veterinary medicine?

<p>Mammography refers to imaging of the mammary glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does the suffix '-itis' indicate, and provide an example.

<p>'-itis' indicates inflammation, as seen in meningitis, which is the inflammation of the meninges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Genetic and Medical Terminology

  • Genesis refers to genetic makeup; involves growth or origin.
  • Osteo signifies bone, highlighted in conditions like Osteogenesis imperfecta, a genetic disorder causing fragile bones.
  • Borrelia burgdorferi is the bacteria responsible for Lyme disease.

Animal Terminology

  • Dog: canine, Cat: feline, Horse: equine, Cattle: bovine, Sheep: ovine, Goat: caprine, Pig: porcine, Bird: avian, Mouse/Rat: murine.

Anatomical Roots and Prefixes

  • Root Word: foundation of a word.
  • Cephal/o denotes head; Brachy means short (Brachycephalic = short head); Dolich/o means long (Dolichocephalic = long head); Meso- refers to middle (Mesocephalic = average head).
  • Bucc/o indicates cheek; Blephar/o refers to eyelid, with Blepharospasm indicating involuntary eyelid twitching; Gingiv/o means gum; Dent/i refers to teeth.

Dental Facts

  • Puppies have 28 deciduous teeth; adult dogs have 42 teeth.
  • Cats have 26 deciduous teeth and 30 adult teeth.

Additional Anatomical Roots

  • Gloss/o and Lingu/o indicate tongue; Gnath/o refers to jaw; Irid/o is for iris; Ot/o means ear; Or/o indicates mouth; Rhin/o and Naso refer to nose.

Nervous System and Brain Anatomy

  • Cranio pertains to the skull; Cerebell/o refers to the cerebellum, the brain's most posterior part; Cerebr/o is for the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain.
  • Cerebellar hypoplasia is an underdevelopment of the cerebellum.
  • Itis indicates inflammation; Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes of the brain.

Digestive System Terminology

  • Abdomen/o refers to the abdomen; Enter/o indicates the small intestine.
  • Gastr/o means stomach; Col/o pertains to the colon; Hepat/o refers to the liver; Ile/o and Jejuna/o represent parts of the small intestine.
  • Cholecystectomy involves the removal of the gall bladder.

Urinary System Terms

  • Cysto means urinary bladder; Nephro refers to kidneys; Pyel/o is the renal pelvis; Nephritis signifies inflammation of the kidneys.

Reproductive System Terms

  • Ovari/o specifies ovaries; Orchi/o refers to testicles; Pyometra is an infection of the uterus filled with pus.

Additional Medical Procedures and Terms

  • Thorac/o indicates thorax or chest; Cardi/o pertains to the heart; Bronch/o refers to bronchi.
  • Phlebotomy is the process of drawing blood.

Pathology Terms

  • Adip/o means fatty tissue; Osteosarcoma is a tumor of bone and tissue; Adenocarcinoma refers to cancer of glandular tissues.
  • Homeostasis indicates the body's equilibrium.

Physiology and Conditions

  • Myopia refers to nearsightedness; Hyperglycemia indicates high glucose levels; Polyphagia and Polydipsia signify excessive eating and drinking, respectively.

Prefixes Indicating Condition

  • Plegia indicates paralysis; Steno refers to narrowing; Hypothermic denotes low heat levels; Glycemi/a refers to glucose presence.

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