30 Questions
What is the result of an alteration in the copy number of a complete set of chromosomes?
Chromosomal rearrangement
What is the term for a cell having three sets of chromosomes?
Triploid
What is the function of the centromere in a chromosome?
To attach spindle fibers
What is the result of an error during meiosis that leads to a change in the number of chromosomes in a cell?
Aneuploidy
What is the term for a change in the structure of an individual chromosome?
Chromosomal rearrangement
What is the term for a cell having a single set of chromosomes?
Haploid
What is the term for a cell having more than two sets of chromosomes?
Polyploid
What is the outcome of trisomy 21?
Near-normal life expectancy with many deleterious effects
What is the purpose of crossing over in meiosis?
To increase genetic variation
What type of mutation can occur due to chromosomal rearrangements?
Gene deletion
What is the result of a chromosomal rearrangement in humans?
Changes to chromosome set copy number
What type of mutation is a change in a single nucleotide that results in a premature stop codon?
Nonsense mutation
What is the result of nondisjunction during meiosis?
Aneuploidy
What is the purpose of a pedigree in genetics?
To map genetic disease/disorder throughout a family tree
What is the function of the promoter and upstream regulatory elements in a gene?
To regulate the expression of the gene
What is a characteristic of Robertsonian translocation?
Unequal exchange between non-homologous chromosomes
What is the result of a non-reciprocal translocation during meiosis?
Deletion of genetic material
What is the term for the incorrect alignment of homologous chromosomes during meiosis?
Non-disjunction
What is the result of an unbalanced reciprocal translocation?
Loss of genetic material
What is the type of mutation that results in a change in the reading frame of a gene?
Frameshift mutation
What is the term for the fusion of two non-homologous chromosomes?
Robertsonian translocation
What is the primary mechanism of evolution?
Mutation
What type of mutation introduces a stop codon?
Nonsense mutation
What is the purpose of a pedigree in genetics?
To determine the inheritance pattern of a genetic disorder
What symbol is used to represent a female in a pedigree?
What is the effect of a frameshift mutation on the protein produced by a gene?
The reading frame of the gene is altered
Which type of mutation adds or deletes a codon?
Inframe mutation
What is the purpose of analyzing a pedigree in genetics?
All of the above
What is the effect of a missense mutation on the protein produced by a gene?
A single amino acid is changed
What is the term for the most common version of a gene in a population?
Wild-type allele
Test your knowledge of genetics, mutations, and pedigrees with this quiz. Learn about the principles of genetics and how they apply to real-world scenarios. Suitable for students of genetics and biology.
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