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Questions and Answers
What are the two pathways for signals sent by the brain to initiate movement?
What are the two pathways for signals sent by the brain to initiate movement?
- Ventral and dorsal
- Lateral and medial (correct)
- Superior and inferior
- Anterior and posterior
When does the brain experience a burst of growth?
When does the brain experience a burst of growth?
- During middle age
- During infancy
- During adolescence and early adulthood (correct)
- During old age
What is still debated in the scientific community regarding mirror neurons and imitation?
What is still debated in the scientific community regarding mirror neurons and imitation?
- Whether imitation is innate
- Whether imitation is a special case of social learning
- Whether mirror neurons have a genetic component (correct)
- Whether mirror neurons exist
What is genotype?
What is genotype?
What is the cause of sexual orientation?
What is the cause of sexual orientation?
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
What is the function of the basal ganglia?
What is the primary means we have to interact with the world and other people, according to the motor chauvinist view?
What is the primary means we have to interact with the world and other people, according to the motor chauvinist view?
What is the ideomotor theory?
What is the ideomotor theory?
What is the mirror neuron system?
What is the mirror neuron system?
When does brain development experience a burst of growth?
When does brain development experience a burst of growth?
Which theory confirms the direct matching between perception and action?
Which theory confirms the direct matching between perception and action?
What can cause abnormal brain development?
What can cause abnormal brain development?
What is phenotype?
What is phenotype?
Which brain region is a key area that differs between males and females in humans?
Which brain region is a key area that differs between males and females in humans?
What is Parkinson's disease characterized by?
What is Parkinson's disease characterized by?
What supports the idea that imitation is innate?
What supports the idea that imitation is innate?
What can cause abnormal brain development?
What can cause abnormal brain development?
What allows us to adapt to a changing physical environment and novel conventions developed by society?
What allows us to adapt to a changing physical environment and novel conventions developed by society?
Which component is the principal part of the lateral pathway?
Which component is the principal part of the lateral pathway?
What is autistic syndrome disorder (ASD)?
What is autistic syndrome disorder (ASD)?
What is sensorimotor associative learning (ASL)?
What is sensorimotor associative learning (ASL)?
What is the main source of voluntary motor control?
What is the main source of voluntary motor control?
What is the relationship between individuals with ASD and motor skills?
What is the relationship between individuals with ASD and motor skills?
What role do hormones play in sexual orientation development?
What role do hormones play in sexual orientation development?
What can studies of twins raised together or apart help determine?
What can studies of twins raised together or apart help determine?
What is Down syndrome caused by?
What is Down syndrome caused by?
What is the cause of Down syndrome?
What is the cause of Down syndrome?
What are mirror neurons?
What are mirror neurons?
What system mediates all communication?
What system mediates all communication?
What causes Parkinson's disease?
What causes Parkinson's disease?
How have human mirror neurons been identified?
How have human mirror neurons been identified?
When does ASL occur?
When does ASL occur?
What is a traditional treatment for Parkinson's disease?
What is a traditional treatment for Parkinson's disease?
What can children with fetal alcohol syndrome experience?
What can children with fetal alcohol syndrome experience?
What role does the cerebellum play in movement?
What role does the cerebellum play in movement?
Which is more likely to have the same sexual orientation, identical twins or non-identical twins?
Which is more likely to have the same sexual orientation, identical twins or non-identical twins?
What is the link between the mirror neuron system and individuals with autism?
What is the link between the mirror neuron system and individuals with autism?
What are skeletal muscles made up of?
What are skeletal muscles made up of?
What is the "use it or lose it" philosophy?
What is the "use it or lose it" philosophy?
What is fetal alcohol syndrome associated with?
What is fetal alcohol syndrome associated with?
What is the function of the left fusiform gyrus?
What is the function of the left fusiform gyrus?
What is the causal role of mirror neurons in behavioral copying?
What is the causal role of mirror neurons in behavioral copying?
How do toxins interfere with movement?
How do toxins interfere with movement?
What happens when there is damage to the cell body of a neuron?
What happens when there is damage to the cell body of a neuron?
What happens when there is damage to the cell body of a neuron?
What happens when there is damage to the cell body of a neuron?
What is the critical period in the brain's development?
What is the critical period in the brain's development?
What puts stress on women's knees during running?
What puts stress on women's knees during running?
What is imitation?
What is imitation?
What did Dean Hamer and colleagues find in their 1993 linkage analysis study?
What did Dean Hamer and colleagues find in their 1993 linkage analysis study?
What is an alternative therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease?
What is an alternative therapeutic approach for Parkinson's disease?
What is the strongest human muscle?
What is the strongest human muscle?
What is required to wire the nervous system?
What is required to wire the nervous system?
When was the first large genetic linkage study of male sexual orientation reported?
When was the first large genetic linkage study of male sexual orientation reported?
What is Alzheimer's disease associated with?
What is Alzheimer's disease associated with?
What is Alzheimer's disease?
What is Alzheimer's disease?
What effect do cholinergic agonists have on muscles?
What effect do cholinergic agonists have on muscles?
What effect does levodopa have on Parkinson's disease patients?
What effect does levodopa have on Parkinson's disease patients?
What is the benefit of imitation?
What is the benefit of imitation?
Why are humans better imitators than other animals?
Why are humans better imitators than other animals?
What is the visual word form area?
What is the visual word form area?
What is the significance of mastery of imitation?
What is the significance of mastery of imitation?
What role do dopamine neurons play in the brain?
What role do dopamine neurons play in the brain?
What are neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of?
What are neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of?
What might have contributed to the emergence of social learning strategies in humans?
What might have contributed to the emergence of social learning strategies in humans?
What is the result of spinal cord damage?
What is the result of spinal cord damage?
Which neurons are responsible for contracting muscles?
Which neurons are responsible for contracting muscles?
What are neurofibrillary tangles and decreased cholinergic activity characteristic of?
What are neurofibrillary tangles and decreased cholinergic activity characteristic of?
What is synaptic pruning?
What is synaptic pruning?
Which chromosome regions contribute to the development of male sexual orientation?
Which chromosome regions contribute to the development of male sexual orientation?
What is the location of the visual word form area?
What is the location of the visual word form area?
What are motor units made up of?
What are motor units made up of?
Can synaptic connections be rearranged throughout life?
Can synaptic connections be rearranged throughout life?
What is the role of mirror neurons?
What is the role of mirror neurons?
Can synaptic connections be rearranged throughout life?
Can synaptic connections be rearranged throughout life?
What did the 2012 genetic linkage study find about the role of genetics in sexual orientation?
What did the 2012 genetic linkage study find about the role of genetics in sexual orientation?
What predisposes a child to interaction and influences the development of mirror neurons?
What predisposes a child to interaction and influences the development of mirror neurons?
What leads to neural tube defects?
What leads to neural tube defects?
What type of reflex requires the interaction of only two neurons at a single synapse?
What type of reflex requires the interaction of only two neurons at a single synapse?
What has been demonstrated about critical periods during brain development?
What has been demonstrated about critical periods during brain development?
What role does motor expertise play in the development of individuals?
What role does motor expertise play in the development of individuals?
What has been demonstrated about critical periods during brain development?
What has been demonstrated about critical periods during brain development?
Which of the following statements is true about the cause of sexual orientation?
Which of the following statements is true about the cause of sexual orientation?
What happens to neurons that fail to receive adequate amounts of nerve growth factor (NGF)?
What happens to neurons that fail to receive adequate amounts of nerve growth factor (NGF)?
What is the relationship between mirror neurons and prediction?
What is the relationship between mirror neurons and prediction?
Are there currently effective treatments for reversing the course of Alzheimer's disease?
Are there currently effective treatments for reversing the course of Alzheimer's disease?
What is the mechanism that explains how neurons acquire mirroring properties?
What is the mechanism that explains how neurons acquire mirroring properties?
What is the potential risk of folic acid fortification?
What is the potential risk of folic acid fortification?
What did chromosome linkage studies indicate about the cause of sexual orientation?
What did chromosome linkage studies indicate about the cause of sexual orientation?
Are there currently effective treatments for reversing the course of Alzheimer's disease?
Are there currently effective treatments for reversing the course of Alzheimer's disease?
What is the importance of prediction in the brain?
What is the importance of prediction in the brain?
Why is the motor system crucial for having a brain?
Why is the motor system crucial for having a brain?
Study Notes
- Genetic testing has increased due to understanding of human genome.
- SNPs can predict a person's risk for Alzheimer's disease.
- Genotype refers to a person's set of genetic instructions, while phenotype is the expression of those instructions.
- Twins studies are useful in determining the contributions of heredity and environment.
- The development of the nervous system occurs in six stages.
- "Use it or lose it" philosophy applies to the nervous system.
- Large numbers of cells die during development through apoptosis.
- Synaptic pruning occurs during development.
- Homosexuality is considered a natural and normal sexual orientation.
- Sexual orientation is likely the result of a complex interaction of genetic, hormonal, environmental, cognitive, and biological factors.
- Finger digit ratio is a marker of prenatal testosterone exposure and is linked to same-sex attraction.
- The sexually dimorphic nucleus of the preoptic area differs between males and females and is linked to sexual behavior.
- Multiple genes have been found to play a role in sexual orientation.
- Brain development continues throughout life, with a burst of growth during puberty that affects the frontal lobes.
- Synaptic connections can be rearranged throughout life due to experience.
- Critical periods exist during which experience can modify behavior, such as imprinting in baby geese and language acquisition.
- Children raised in orphanages have very few opportunities to interact with others and the environment, leading to developmental delays.
- Abnormal development can occur due to neural tube defects, genetic disorders, and environmental causes.
- Fetal alcohol syndrome can cause growth retardation, reduced IQ, and behavioral problems.
- Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative condition associated with aging that results in loss of cognitive and emotional function.
- Tangles result from detachment of tau protein
- Microtubules collapse without tau protein
- Transneuronal degeneration spreads deterioration rapidly
- Memory impairment from deterioration in hippocampus
- Language and problem-solving deficits from damage to cortex
- Emotional changes from damage to limbic system structures
- No effective treatments for reversing Alzheimer's disease
- Decrease in cholinergic activity in brain is characteristic of Alzheimer's
- Medications boosting acetylcholine levels might be helpful
- Alzheimer's disease affects various parts of the brain.
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Description
This quiz is a comprehensive review of genetics, development, and neurological disorders. Test your knowledge of genetic testing, heredity, and the contributions of environment and experience to behavior. Learn about the development of the nervous system and the critical periods during which experience can modify behavior. Explore the causes and effects of abnormal development, fetal alcohol syndrome, and Alzheimer's disease. Discover the latest research on sexual orientation and brain development. This quiz is perfect for anyone interested in genetics, neuroscience, and psychology.
