15 Questions
During Hfr conjugation, what is the order of DNA transfer from an Hfr cell to a recipient cell?
First, a part of F factor; next, chromosomal genes; lastly, the remaining part of F factor
What is the significance of colinearity in prokaryotes?
It allows for a direct translation from nucleotide sequence to amino acid sequence
What distinguishes a specialized transducing phage from a generalized transducing phage?
Specialized phages can only transfer DNA derived from any part of the bacterial chromosome
What is the outcome of lysogeny in viral infection?
Insertion of viral DNA into the bacterial chromosome
What is the primary function of protein domains?
To interact with other domains and carry out specialized functions
What defines a temperate bacteriophage as compared to a lytic bacteriophage?
Temperate phages undergo lysogeny rather than immediate lysis of the host cell
What distinguishes translation from transcription?
Transcription synthesizes RNA complementary to one strand of DNA; translation decodes RNA into protein
What characterizes generalized transduction by phages?
Generalized transducing phages package bacterial DNA into transducing particles
Which RNA polymerase transcribes all protein-coding genes as well as the genes for small nuclear RNAs?
RNA polymerase II
What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?
Catalyze the attachment of an amino acid to its corresponding tRNA
What is the average percentage of genomic DNA used to encode amino acids in a human gene?
5%
What catalyzes the formation of aminoacyl bonds between amino acids and the CCA stems of tRNA?
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
In translation initiation, what creates a binding site for a charged tRNA^met at the 5' cap on mRNA?
eIF4F
What occurs during translation elongation after the 40S subunit moves one codon along the mRNA?
Peptidyl transferase catalyzes formation of aminoacyl bonds
Where does translation occur within a eukaryotic cell?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Test your knowledge on genetic transformation and Hfr strains in bacteria. Learn about the process of genetic alteration, how recipient cells acquire genes from external DNA, and the properties of high frequency of recombination (Hfr) cells.
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