Genetic Transformation and Hfr Strains Quiz
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Questions and Answers

During Hfr conjugation, what is the order of DNA transfer from an Hfr cell to a recipient cell?

  • First, chromosomal genes; next, a part of F factor; lastly, the remaining part of F factor
  • First, a part of F factor; next, the remaining part of F factor; lastly, chromosomal genes
  • First, a part of F factor; next, chromosomal genes; lastly, the remaining part of F factor (correct)
  • First, the remaining part of F factor; next, chromosomal genes; lastly, a part of F factor

    • What is the significance of colinearity in prokaryotes?

  • It ensures that all genes are expressed in a linear fashion
  • It allows for a direct translation from nucleotide sequence to amino acid sequence (correct)
  • It determines the linear order of nucleotides in a gene based on amino acid structure
  • It prevents non-informational DNA sequences from interrupting gene continuity

    • What distinguishes a specialized transducing phage from a generalized transducing phage?

  • Specialized phages can transfer genes only through lytic cycle
  • Generalized phages have the ability to cut the bacterial chromosome into pieces
  • Generalized phages can only transfer genes from a particular region of the bacterial chromosome
  • Specialized phages can only transfer DNA derived from any part of the bacterial chromosome (correct)

    • What is the outcome of lysogeny in viral infection?

    <p>Insertion of viral DNA into the bacterial chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of protein domains?

    <p>To interact with other domains and carry out specialized functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines a temperate bacteriophage as compared to a lytic bacteriophage?

    <p>Temperate phages undergo lysogeny rather than immediate lysis of the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes translation from transcription?

    <p>Transcription synthesizes RNA complementary to one strand of DNA; translation decodes RNA into protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes generalized transduction by phages?

    <p><em>Generalized transducing phages package bacterial DNA into transducing particles</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which RNA polymerase transcribes all protein-coding genes as well as the genes for small nuclear RNAs?

    <p>RNA polymerase II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?

    <p>Catalyze the attachment of an amino acid to its corresponding tRNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average percentage of genomic DNA used to encode amino acids in a human gene?

    <p>5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What catalyzes the formation of aminoacyl bonds between amino acids and the CCA stems of tRNA?

    <p>Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In translation initiation, what creates a binding site for a charged tRNA^met at the 5' cap on mRNA?

    <p>eIF4F</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during translation elongation after the 40S subunit moves one codon along the mRNA?

    <p>Peptidyl transferase catalyzes formation of aminoacyl bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does translation occur within a eukaryotic cell?

    <p><strong>Endoplasmic reticulum</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

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