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Genetic Transformation and Hfr Strains Quiz

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Genetic Transformation and Hfr Strains Quiz

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Questions and Answers

During Hfr conjugation, what is the order of DNA transfer from an Hfr cell to a recipient cell?

First, chromosomal genes; next, a part of F factor; lastly, the remaining part of F factor

First, a part of F factor; next, the remaining part of F factor; lastly, chromosomal genes

First, a part of F factor; next, chromosomal genes; lastly, the remaining part of F factor (correct)

First, the remaining part of F factor; next, chromosomal genes; lastly, a part of F factor

What is the significance of colinearity in prokaryotes?

It ensures that all genes are expressed in a linear fashion

It allows for a direct translation from nucleotide sequence to amino acid sequence (correct)

It determines the linear order of nucleotides in a gene based on amino acid structure

It prevents non-informational DNA sequences from interrupting gene continuity

What distinguishes a specialized transducing phage from a generalized transducing phage?

Specialized phages can transfer genes only through lytic cycle

Generalized phages have the ability to cut the bacterial chromosome into pieces

Generalized phages can only transfer genes from a particular region of the bacterial chromosome

Specialized phages can only transfer DNA derived from any part of the bacterial chromosome (correct)

What is the outcome of lysogeny in viral infection?

Insertion of viral DNA into the bacterial chromosome Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of protein domains?

To interact with other domains and carry out specialized functions Signup and view all the answers

What defines a temperate bacteriophage as compared to a lytic bacteriophage?

Temperate phages undergo lysogeny rather than immediate lysis of the host cell Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes translation from transcription?

Transcription synthesizes RNA complementary to one strand of DNA; translation decodes RNA into protein Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes generalized transduction by phages?

Generalized transducing phages package bacterial DNA into transducing particles Signup and view all the answers

Which RNA polymerase transcribes all protein-coding genes as well as the genes for small nuclear RNAs?

RNA polymerase II Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases?

Catalyze the attachment of an amino acid to its corresponding tRNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the average percentage of genomic DNA used to encode amino acids in a human gene?

5% Signup and view all the answers

What catalyzes the formation of aminoacyl bonds between amino acids and the CCA stems of tRNA?

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases Signup and view all the answers

In translation initiation, what creates a binding site for a charged tRNA^met at the 5' cap on mRNA?

eIF4F Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during translation elongation after the 40S subunit moves one codon along the mRNA?

Peptidyl transferase catalyzes formation of aminoacyl bonds Signup and view all the answers

Where does translation occur within a eukaryotic cell?

Endoplasmic reticulum Signup and view all the answers