Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the consequence of a frameshift mutation?
What is the consequence of a frameshift mutation?
- Only one amino acid is changed
- The protein coded by the gene remains unchanged
- The mutation goes unnoticed by the cell
- All subsequent codons are affected (correct)
What is the result of a silent mutation?
What is the result of a silent mutation?
- No change in the protein produced (correct)
- A different amino acid is produced
- The gene becomes inactive
- The protein coded by the gene is not produced
How are frameshift mutations different from point mutations?
How are frameshift mutations different from point mutations?
- Point mutations involve only single base changes (correct)
- Frameshift mutations go unnoticed by the cell
- Frameshift mutations do not affect the protein produced
- Point mutations shift all subsequent codons
What happens to a gene if a frameshift mutation occurs?
What happens to a gene if a frameshift mutation occurs?
Why do silent mutations often go unnoticed?
Why do silent mutations often go unnoticed?
How do deletion and insertion mutations differ from silent mutations?
How do deletion and insertion mutations differ from silent mutations?
What is the effect of deleting three bases from a gene?
What is the effect of deleting three bases from a gene?
How does a frameshift mutation differ from a point deletion mutation?
How does a frameshift mutation differ from a point deletion mutation?
Which type of chromosomal mutation involves doubling a part of the chromosome?
Which type of chromosomal mutation involves doubling a part of the chromosome?
What is the impact of inversions and translocations on chromosomes?
What is the impact of inversions and translocations on chromosomes?
Why can chromosomal rearrangements cause disorders in subsequent generations?
Why can chromosomal rearrangements cause disorders in subsequent generations?
How do large-scale mutations differ from point mutations?
How do large-scale mutations differ from point mutations?
Study Notes
Silent Mutations
- A silent mutation occurs when a base substitution does not change the amino acid it codes for
- This is because multiple base groups can code for the same amino acid
- For example, both AAA and AAG code for lysine, so a mutation from A to G would not affect the protein
Frameshift Mutations
- Deletion and insertion mutations cause the remaining bases in the gene to shift, affecting subsequent codons
- This can have severe consequences, such as a protein that is not made or does not function correctly
- Frameshift mutations occur when the addition or deletion of a single base or bases in numbers not divisible by three causes a shift in codons
- Inserting or deleting bases in numbers divisible by three does not cause a frameshift mutation
Large-Scale Mutations
- Large-scale mutations affect a greater amount of genetic material than point mutations and often affect more than one gene
- These mutations are called chromosomal mutations and include four types: deletion, duplication, inversion, and translocation
- Deletion involves the loss of part of a chromosome, while duplication involves the doubling of part of a chromosome
- Inversion occurs when a segment of a chromosome is rotated in the wrong direction, and translocation involves the transfer of a segment to a non-homologous chromosome
- Inversions and translocations do not result in a loss or gain of genetic material, but can cause disorders in subsequent generations due to interference with proper chromosome pairing during meiosis
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on genetic mutations and silent mutations where multiple base groups can code for the same amino acid, resulting in no change to the protein. Learn about silent mutations that occur when one base is substituted for another, but the same amino acid is still produced.
