epigenetics in cancer

Study Notes

Genetic Modifications and Cancer Development

Genetic modifications, including mutations and epigenetic alterations, play a crucial role in cancer development by disrupting normal cellular processes and leading to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.

Epigenetic Modifications

Epigenetic modifications refer to chemical changes to DNA or histone proteins that can alter gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence.
An example of an epigenetic modification is DNA methylation, where a methyl group is added to the cytosine residue in a CpG dinucleotide, leading to gene silencing.

Epi-Drugs and Cancer Cells

Epi-drugs target cancer cells by reversing epigenetic alterations that contribute to cancer development, such as DNA demethylation and histone modification.
Epi-drugs can inhibit the activity of enzymes involved in epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases.

Epigenetic Abnormalities in Cancer Detection

Epigenetic abnormalities, such as DNA methylation changes, can be used as biomarkers for cancer detection, as they can be detected in bodily fluids, such as blood or urine, and tissues.
Epigenetic abnormalities can also be used to identify cancer subtypes and predict patient outcomes.

Targeting Epigenetic Abnormalities in Cancer Therapy

The primary advantage of targeting epigenetic abnormalities in cancer therapy is that it can be a more targeted and selective approach compared to traditional chemotherapy, reducing harm to healthy cells.
Targeting epigenetic abnormalities can also lead to the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and the inhibition of oncogenes, ultimately reducing cancer cell growth and proliferation.

Description

Explore the role of genetic modifications in the development of cancer. This quiz covers the genetic changes that can lead to cancer and how they affect cell growth and division. Test your knowledge on the genetic roots of cancer.