Genetic Material and Cellular Functions Quiz

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What is responsible for all this diversity?

Genetic material

How is genetic material organized and distributed during mitosis?

It is packaged into chromosomes in cells

What are the structural components of DNA and their function?

The structural components of DNA are nucleotides, which are composed of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The function of DNA is to store and transmit genetic information.

What is a genome?

A genome is the complete set of genetic material in an organism Signup and view all the answers

How is genetic material organized during cell division?

DNA is replicated and chromosomes condense Signup and view all the answers

What are sister chromatids?

Sister chromatids are joined copies of the original chromosome that are attached along their lengths by cohesins Signup and view all the answers

What is the centromere?

The centromere is the narrow 'waist' of the duplicated chromosome, where the two chromatids are most closely attached Signup and view all the answers

What happens to sister chromatids during cell division?

They separate and move into two nuclei, becoming individual chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cell division?

The purpose of cell division is the reproduction of cells and the continuity of life Signup and view all the answers

Why does genetic material become visible during division?

Genetic material becomes visible during division because the chromosomes condense Signup and view all the answers

What is the division of genetic material in the nucleus called?

mitosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the division of the cytoplasm called?

cytokinesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the variation of cell division that produces gametes called?

meiosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for non-identical daughter cells that have half as many chromosomes as the parent cell?

non-identical daughter cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the structural components of DNA?

nucleotides, nitrogenous base, sugar, phosphate group Signup and view all the answers

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), cytosine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What technique did Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin use to study molecular structure?

X-ray crystallography Signup and view all the answers

What did James Watson and Francis Crick deduce about DNA based on Franklin's images?

DNA was helical Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the rotating outer sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA molecule?

antiparallel backbones Signup and view all the answers

Which bases are paired together in DNA?

adenine (A) with thymine (T), and guanine (G) with cytosine (C) Signup and view all the answers