30 Questions
What is the most remarkable aspect of cell division?
The distribution of identical genetic material to two daughter cells
What is the main gene-carrying structure of a prokaryotic cell?
Diffused mass of long thin fibers
What is the endowment of DNA in a cell referred to as?
Genome
What happens to chromatin as the cell prepares to divide?
It coils up to form tight, distinct chromosomes
What is the term for the duplicated form of each chromosome consisting of two copies?
Sister chromatids
How long is the DNA molecule in a human cell?
Nearly 2 meters in length
What is the correct order of events during the first portion of the mitotic phase?
Chromatin tightly coils, nuclear envelope disintegrates, mitotic spindle forms
How many chromatids are produced when a human cell has 46 duplicated chromosomes?
92 chromatids
In which stage of mitosis do liberated chromosomes begin moving to the opposite ends?
Anaphase
In human somatic cells, how many chromosomes are present?
46 chromosomes
During which phase does the nuclear envelope reappear and chromosomes become less condensed?
Telophase
What is the purpose of meiosis in sex cells or gametes?
To reduce the number of chromosomes by half
What occurs during cytokinesis in animal cells?
Physical separation of cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells
What is characteristic of the second portion of the mitotic phase known as cytokinesis?
Physical separation of cytoplasmic components into two daughter cells
What occurs during prometaphase in mitosis?
Nuclear envelope fragments and chromosomes become clearer
What is a characteristic of sex cells or gametes in humans?
They contain 23 chromosomes and are haploid cells
What is the significance of the characteristic number of chromosomes in eukaryotic species?
It influences the process of cell division
What is the main function of chromatin in a eukaryotic cell?
To store and organize genetic information
What distinguishes the chromosomes of a eukaryotic cell from those of a prokaryotic cell?
Number and packaging
How does the coiling up of chromatin during cell division contribute to the process?
It ensures the accurate segregation of genetic material
What is the primary reason for the duplication of chromosomes before cell division in eukaryotic cells?
To ensure each daughter cell receives an identical set of genetic material
What is the effect of having 20,000-25,000 genes in a single DNA molecule in human cells?
It increases the complexity of gene regulation in human cells
What is the term for the process in which the sister chromatids of a duplicated chromosome separate from each other?
Anaphase
How many chromosomes are present in human somatic cells?
46
What is characteristic of the second portion of the mitotic phase known as cytokinesis?
Physical separation of cytoplasmic components
What occurs during prometaphase in mitosis?
Nuclear envelope fragments
What is characteristic of sex cells or gametes in humans?
Haploids with 23 chromosomes
In which stage of mitosis do liberated chromosomes begin moving to the opposite ends?
Anaphase
What is the term for the duplicated form of each chromosome consisting of two copies?
Chromatid
What occurs during cytokinesis in animal cells?
Physical separation of cytoplasmic components
Test your knowledge about cell division and the genetic material in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Learn about the fidelity of DNA passage from one generation of cells to the next and the cellular organization of genetic material.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
