Genetic Engineering: Past, Present, and Future

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Questions and Answers

How do bacteriophages use Crispr in genetic engineering?

To insert their DNA into bacteria, activating a defense mechanism against viruses.

What revolutionary technology has drastically changed genetic engineering by reducing costs by 99%?

CRISPR

What major event occurred in the 80s that marked the beginning of commercialization of genetic engineering?

The birth of the first genetically modified animal in 1974.

How have humans been practicing genetic engineering for thousands of years?

Through selective breeding to reinforce useful traits in plants and animals. Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential application of Crispr in treating diseases like cancer and genetic disorders?

It could potentially cure diseases like cancer and genetic disorders. Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of bombarding plants with radiation in the 60s?

To induce random mutations in the genetic code for obtaining useful variations. Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué molécula guía el crecimiento, desarrollo y reproducción de los seres vivos y cuya información está codificada en su estructura?

El ADN, ácido desoxirribonucleico Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué técnica ha revolucionado la edición genética al ser programable y permitir la modificación de células vivas con precisión?

CRISPR Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué se inició en los años 80 en relación con la ingeniería genética que marcó el comienzo de la comercialización de ciertos productos?

La comercialización de productos químicos producidos mediante ingeniería genética Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué permite hacer la técnica CRISPR en la edición genética?

Editar células vivas, activar y desactivar genes, apuntar a secuencias específicas de ADN Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué ha permitido la llegada de la técnica CRISPR en términos de accesibilidad, rapidez y eficiencia en la edición genética?

Reducir los costos en un 99% Signup and view all the answers

¿En qué proyecto se ha utilizado la técnica CRISPR para eliminar el VIH en células vivas de pacientes y en ratas con VIH?

En un proyecto a mayor escala Signup and view all the answers

¿Cómo podría la terapia CRISPR contribuir a combatir el cáncer?

Mejorando las células inmunitarias Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué tipo de enfermedades se podrían corregir con versiones modificadas de CRISPR?

Enfermedades genéticas Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué posibilidad plantea la ingeniería genética en relación con los humanos?

Crear humanos modificados Signup and view all the answers

¿En qué área la ingeniería genética podría ser especialmente útil según el texto?

En abordar el envejecimiento Signup and view all the answers

¿Qué problemas podría resolver la ingeniería genética según el texto?

Obesidad, enfermedades actuales, adaptaciones para viajes espaciales prolongados Signup and view all the answers

¿Cuáles son las principales preocupaciones éticas mencionadas en el texto?

Creación de humanos modificados, discriminación basada en características genéticas Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Humans have been practicing genetic engineering for thousands of years through selective breeding to reinforce useful traits in plants and animals.
The discovery of DNA revolutionized genetic engineering by providing a complex molecule that contains instructions for growth, development, and reproduction of all living beings.
In the 60s, plants were bombarded with radiation to induce random mutations in the genetic code, aiming to obtain useful variations with some success.
The 80s marked the beginning of commercialization of genetic engineering, with the first genetically modified animal born in 1974 leading to various products like chemicals, growth hormones, and insulin.
The recent development of the CRISPR technique has drastically changed genetic engineering by reducing costs by 99%, making it more accessible, efficient, and precise.- Crispr is a revolutionary technology with the potential to change humanity by allowing precise gene editing.
Bacteriophages use Crispr to insert their DNA into bacteria, activating a defense mechanism against viruses.
Scientists have made Crispr programmable, enabling targeted gene editing in various organisms.
Crispr has shown promise in eliminating HIV from cells and could potentially cure diseases like cancer and genetic disorders.
The technology has been used in clinical trials for cancer treatment in humans and holds promise for treating a wide range of genetic diseases.
Crispr could be used to create genetically modified humans, potentially leading to ethical dilemmas and societal changes.
The technology may also hold the key to extending human lifespan by addressing aging-related genetic factors.
There are concerns about the ethical implications of Crispr, including the potential for creating a divide between genetically modified and non-modified individuals.
Precision and control are crucial when using Crispr due to the possibility of unintended genetic changes.
While Crispr offers significant benefits, there are also risks associated with its use, including the potential misuse by authoritarian regimes for creating genetically enhanced soldiers.

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Description

Explore the evolution of genetic engineering from selective breeding to the revolutionary CRISPR technology, its applications in editing DNA, potential benefits in treating diseases, and ethical concerns surrounding genetic manipulation.