CH 5: Genetic engineering

What is one of the benefits of GMOs mentioned in the text?

Resulting in negative impacts on the environment
Decreasing food production by altering crop genetics
Creating more expensive and less effective pharmaceuticals
Increasing food security by producing more resilient crops (correct)

Which technique is used in the process of cloning where the nucleus from a donor's body cell is inserted into an egg cell?

Genetic modification
Embryonic stem cell research
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) (correct)
Cell differentiation

What is one of the applications of cloning mentioned in the text?

Reducing biodiversity in ecosystems
Therapeutic cloning for tissue repair (correct)
Creating genetically diverse animals
Conducting genetic modification experiments

What are some of the considerations mentioned regarding genetic engineering in the text?

Ethical, health, and environmental concerns (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the potential impacts mentioned that genetic engineering can have on ecosystems?

Uncertain long-term impacts on ecosystems (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of genetic engineering?

Enhancing the genetic makeup of an organism (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of stem cells?

Ability to develop into different types of body cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What major ethical concern is associated with the use of embryonic stem cells?

Controversy surrounding the destruction of embryos (A) Signup and view all the answers

In genetic engineering, what is the primary goal when creating genetically modified organisms?

To enhance desired traits by altering genetic material (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can stem cells be beneficial in medical treatments?

Replace damaged cells in the body (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of stem cell research?

Developing into different types of body cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which source is noted for raising ethical concerns in stem cell research?

Embryonic stem cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

In genetic engineering, what is the primary purpose of altering an organism's genetic material in GMO creation?

Enhancing specific traits (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential use of stem cells in medical treatments according to the text?

Repairing heart cells post-heart attack (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which activity falls under the broad range of genetic engineering mentioned in the text?

Stem cell research (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes embryonic stem cells from adult stem cells in terms of controversy?

Adult stem cells are less controversial (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of diseases can gene therapy involving GMOs potentially help treat?

Genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes natural cloning from artificial cloning?

Artificial cloning involves creating genetically identical copies, while natural cloning does not. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What potential concern is raised regarding the commercial aspects of genetic engineering?

The potential monopolization of genetically engineered seeds by specific companies (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which process was used to clone Dolly the sheep?

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major focus of ethical debates surrounding genetic engineering?

The transfer of genetic material between different species (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what way can cloning contribute to the preservation of biodiversity?

By preserving endangered species through identical genetic copies (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes therapeutic cloning from other forms of cloning?

"Therapeutic cloning is specifically used for tissue repair and medical treatments, while other forms have broader applications." (A) Signup and view all the answers

"What are some of the long-term uncertainties mentioned regarding genetic engineering?"

"Implications for human health" (B) Signup and view all the answers

"How does genetic engineering potentially revolutionize agriculture?"

"By increasing crop yields and making plants more resilient" (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes therapeutic cloning from cloning that produces identical twins?

Therapeutic cloning uses somatic cell nuclear transfer, while cloning for identical twins is natural. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why do ethical debates regarding genetic engineering often focus on embryonic stem cell research?

Ethical debates are centered around the potential destruction of embryos during research. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of genetic engineering, why is it essential to consider the long-term impacts on ecosystems?

To prevent the unintentional spread of modified genes to other organisms in the environment. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of GMOs raises questions about accessibility and rights according to the text?

The control over genetically engineered seeds by certain companies. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes genetic engineering from natural processes like cloning or reproduction?

Genetic engineering involves altering genetic material deliberately, while natural processes do not. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of genetic engineering in biotechnology?

Enhancing or introducing specific traits in organisms (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of stem cells that makes them unique?

Their ability to develop into different types of body cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of genetic engineering, what is an example of an activity that falls under the creation of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

Therapeutic cloning for medical research (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why are adult stem cells from sources like bone marrow considered less controversial than embryonic stem cells?

Embryonic stem cells have more ethical concerns (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of altering an organism's genetic material in GMO creation for gene therapy?

Enhanced treatment for brain tumors (B) Signup and view all the answers

What role do stem cells play in medical treatments according to the text?

Replacing damaged cells in the body (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes gene therapy involving GMOs from conventional drug treatments?

Targeting genetic causes of diseases in gene therapy treatments (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why can the use of embryonic stem cells be controversial in stem cell research?

Because they raise ethical concerns related to human life and reproduction (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception about genetically modified organisms (GMOs) according to the text?

They always lead to negative environmental impacts (A) Signup and view all the answers

How do stem cells contribute to treating burn victims according to the text?

By regenerating skin tissue for wound healing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of genetic engineering raises concerns about ecosystem impacts and human health according to the text?

Modification of genetic material across species (B) Signup and view all the answers

What notable achievement was Dolly the sheep associated with in genetic engineering?

The first cloned mammal from an adult cell (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key focus of ethical debates surrounding genetic engineering mentioned in the text?

Embryonic stem cell research and cross-species genetic material modification (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider ethical, environmental, and health implications when dealing with genetic engineering?

To prevent detrimental impacts on ecosystems and human health (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is primarily used in cloning to create a genetically identical copy of an organism?

Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of cloning for tissue repair mainly aim to achieve?

Facilitate repair of damaged tissues (D) Signup and view all the answers

In what way can cloning potentially contribute to improving the food supply?

Breeding superior animals for food production (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern related to the commercial aspects of genetic engineering mentioned in the text?

Rights and accessibility issues related to genetically engineered seeds (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to address ethical, environmental, and health-related implications in genetic engineering?

To prevent possible detrimental outcomes on ecosystems and human health (A) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes therapeutic cloning from other applications of cloning discussed in the text?

Focus on repairing damaged tissues (B) Signup and view all the answers