Questions and Answers
Which are segments of DNA that code for specific traits?
If the same base pairs are used to code for all organisms, why is there so much variation among organisms?
DNA replication allows the basic units of heredity found on segments of DNA, called ________, to be passed on from parent to offspring.
Genes
Who is credited with creating the first accurate model of DNA?
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What is one benefit of mapping the human genome?
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Rosalind Franklin is famous for which contribution to the study of DNA?
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Which is a goal of the Human Genome Project?
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Who first identified DNA?
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Which best describes the outcome of DNA replication?
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Which of the following is responsible for passing albinism from a parent organism to its offspring?
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Which of the following incorrectly matches the term with its location?
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In 1953, who developed the model that is shown below?
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As DNA is replicated, which DNA base pair will bond to cytosine?
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What was Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei's contribution to our current understanding of the genetic code?
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Study Notes
Genetic Code and DNA Overview
- Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific traits.
- Variations among organisms arise because the order of codons differs between species.
- DNA replication ensures that genes, the basic units of heredity, are passed from parents to offspring.
Key Figures in DNA Research
- James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with creating the first accurate model of DNA.
- Rosalind Franklin contributed by creating an X-ray diffraction image of DNA structure.
- Friedrich Miescher was the first to identify DNA.
Human Genome Project
- A significant goal of the Human Genome Project is to address ethical consequences related to genomic research.
- Mapping the human genome helps in locating chromosomal abnormalities that cause disease.
DNA Structure and Function
- During DNA replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one new strand and one old strand.
- Genes, originating from base pairs, are responsible for passing traits like albinism from parents to offspring.
Misconceptions and Clarifications
- Genes are not located in nucleotides; genes exist within chromosomes.
- Nitrogen bases are found in the central rungs of the DNA ladder, supporting the shape and function of DNA.
DNA Replication and Base Pairing
- During DNA replication, guanine bonds with cytosine.
- Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei were pivotal in discovering codons, which are essential in understanding the genetic code.
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Description
Test your knowledge of genetic code concepts with these flashcards. Explore important definitions and understand the significance of genes and codons in coding for specific traits. Perfect for students studying genetics!
