Questions and Answers
Which are segments of DNA that code for specific traits?
If the same base pairs are used to code for all organisms, why is there so much variation among organisms?
DNA replication allows the basic units of heredity found on segments of DNA, called ________, to be passed on from parent to offspring.
Genes
Who is credited with creating the first accurate model of DNA?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one benefit of mapping the human genome?
Signup and view all the answers
Rosalind Franklin is famous for which contribution to the study of DNA?
Signup and view all the answers
Which is a goal of the Human Genome Project?
Signup and view all the answers
Who first identified DNA?
Signup and view all the answers
Which best describes the outcome of DNA replication?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is responsible for passing albinism from a parent organism to its offspring?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following incorrectly matches the term with its location?
Signup and view all the answers
In 1953, who developed the model that is shown below?
Signup and view all the answers
As DNA is replicated, which DNA base pair will bond to cytosine?
Signup and view all the answers
What was Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei's contribution to our current understanding of the genetic code?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Genetic Code and DNA Overview
- Genes are segments of DNA that code for specific traits.
- Variations among organisms arise because the order of codons differs between species.
- DNA replication ensures that genes, the basic units of heredity, are passed from parents to offspring.
Key Figures in DNA Research
- James Watson and Francis Crick are credited with creating the first accurate model of DNA.
- Rosalind Franklin contributed by creating an X-ray diffraction image of DNA structure.
- Friedrich Miescher was the first to identify DNA.
Human Genome Project
- A significant goal of the Human Genome Project is to address ethical consequences related to genomic research.
- Mapping the human genome helps in locating chromosomal abnormalities that cause disease.
DNA Structure and Function
- During DNA replication, each new DNA molecule consists of one new strand and one old strand.
- Genes, originating from base pairs, are responsible for passing traits like albinism from parents to offspring.
Misconceptions and Clarifications
- Genes are not located in nucleotides; genes exist within chromosomes.
- Nitrogen bases are found in the central rungs of the DNA ladder, supporting the shape and function of DNA.
DNA Replication and Base Pairing
- During DNA replication, guanine bonds with cytosine.
- Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei were pivotal in discovering codons, which are essential in understanding the genetic code.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of genetic code concepts with these flashcards. Explore important definitions and understand the significance of genes and codons in coding for specific traits. Perfect for students studying genetics!